Group A Write The Correct Answer From The Given Alternatives:
Question 1. The process by which natural agents reshape the existing landscape over the earth’s surface is known as
1. Exogenetic process
2. Endogenetic process
3. Orogenetic process
4. Epeirogenetic process
Answer: 1. Exogenetic process
Question 2. The main erosional process of rivers over salt-dominated rock is
1. Abrasion
2. Attrition
3. Hydraulic action
4. Solution
Answer: 4. Solution
Question 3. The uppermost layer of the heterosphere is
1. Hydrogen layer
2. Helium layer
3. Atomic oxygen layer
4. Molecular nitrogen layer
Answer: 1. Hydrogen layer
“madhyamik bengali question paper 2023 “
Question 4. The instrument by which humidity of air mass is measured
1. Thermometer
2. Barometer
3. Hygrometer
4. Anemometer
Answer: 3. Hygrometer
Question 5. The influence of EL-Nino is observed in
1. Atlantic ocean
2. Pacific ocean
3. Indian ocean
4. Arctic ocean
Answer: 2. Pacific ocean
Question 6. When the distance between the earth and the moon becomes least, the generating tide is called
1. Spring tide
2. Neap tide
3. Perigean tide
4. Apogean tide
Answer: 1. Spring tide
Question 7. The processes of waste management involve
1. Reuse of waste
2. Recycling of waste
3. Reduction of waste
4. All of them
Answer: 4. All of them
Question 8. The youngest state of India is
1. Uttarakhand
2. Telangana
3. Chhattisgarh
4. Goa
Answer: 2. Telangana
Question 9. Dust storms of North-West India in summer is called
1. Kalbaishakhi
2. Andhi
3. Western Disturbance
4. Loo
Answer: 2. Andhi
Question 10. A method followed in India to conserve soil is
1. Irrigation
2. Jhum cultivation
3. Strip cropping
4. Animal rearing
Answer: 3. Strip cropping
Question 11. The state which ranks first in jowar production in India is
1. Maharashtra
2. Uttar Pradesh
3. Bihar
4. West Bengal
Answer: 1. Maharashtra
Question 12. The “silicon valley of India” refers to
1. Chennai
2. Bengaluru
3. Kolkata
4. Delhi
Answer: 2. Bengaluru
Question 13. The longest National Highway in India is
1. National Highway 1
2. National Highway 2
3. National Highway 6
4. National Highway 7
Answer: 4. National Highway 7
Question 14. The R.F. of a topographical map with 15’xl5′ latitudinal and longitudinal extension is
1. 1: 2,50,000
2. 1: 1,00,000
3. 1: 50,000
4. 1: 25,000
Answer: 3. 1: 50,000
” bengali question paper 2023 madhyamik”
Group B If The Statement Is True, Write ‘True’ And If False, Write ‘False’ Against The Following:
Question 1. Seif dunes are transformed from Barkhan dunes.
Answer: True
Question 2. The ozone layer is known as “Natural sun-screen”.
Answer: True
Question 3. In Mediterranean regions, rainfall generally occurs in summer.
Answer: False
Question 4. The Strait line alignment of the Sun, the Moon, and the Earth is called Syzygy.
Answer: True
Question 5. Most of the rice in India is cultivated in winter as Rabi crop.
Answer: False
Question 6. The most densely populated state of India is West Bengal.
Answer: False
Question 7. Different symbols are used to show geographical features in satellite images.
Answer: False
Fill In The Blanks With Suitable Words:
Question 1. The plantation of landmass caused by different exogenic forces is called ______.
Answer: Graduation.
Question 2. Long, narrow, winding, steep-sided, ridges formed by the fluvioglacial deposits of sands and gravels is called __________.
Answer: Esker.
Question 3. In the Rainfall-Temperature graph of any place, if the temperature curve becomes downward during mid of the year then the station lies in _____ hemisphere.
Answer: Southern.
Question 4. ______ force of the earth causes secondary high tide.
Answer: Centrifugal.
Question 5. Air conditioners emit ______ gas into the atmosphere.
Answer: CFC.
Question 6. Bhagirathi and _______ river meet at Devprayag to form the river, Ganga.
Answer: Alakananda.
Question 7. ______ city is called the “Manchester of South India”.
Answer: Coimbatore.
” madhyamik exam 2023 bengali question paper”
Answer In One Or Two Words (Any Six):
Question 1. Name the high land which separates two river systems.
Answer: Watershed
Question 2. What is the relative humidity of saturated air?
Answer: 100%.
Question 3. What type of current originates in tropical oceans?
Answer: Warm current.
Question 4. What type of waste material is plastic?
Answer: Solid waste.
Question 5. Name the highest mountain pass in India.
Answer: Dungri La or Mana pass.
Question 6. Where is the largest mangrove forest of the world located?
Answer: Sundarban.
Question 7. Which soil of India is ideal for cotton cultivation?
Answer: Black soil.
Question 8. Which roadway has connected Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, and Kolkata?
Answer: Golden Quadrilateral.
Match The Left Column With The Right Column:
Left Column Right Column
ISRO 1. Kerala
Vembanad 2. Tax-free port of India
Andhi 3. Indian Space Research Organisation
Kandla 4. Rajasthan
Answer:
ISRO: 3. Indian Space Research Organisation
Vembanad: 1. Kerala
Andhi: 4. Rajasthan
Kandla: 2. Tax-free port of India
Group C Answer The Following Questions In Brief:
Question 1. How are the bird’s foot deltas formed?
Answer: The deltas that look like a bird’s claw or fingers spreading one beside the other, are called bird’s foot deltas. Eg. Delta of the river Mississippi in North America.
Or, What is Bergschrund?
Answer:
Bergschrund: A bergschrund is a long narrow crack developed at the source of the glacier. This is created when the mass of ice tends to flow down due to gravity and the mountain’s walls tend to hold back the ice due to friction.
Question 2. Mention two characteristic features of jet streams.
Answer:
Characteristic features of Jet Streams:
1. It blows from west to east.
2. Length of the jet stream can be a few thousand kilometers.
Or, What is a tidal bore?
Answer:
Tidal Bore: When a tide enters the narrow and shallow estuary of a river, the front of the tidal wave appears to be vertical, owing to the piling of water of the river against the tidal wave and friction against the river bed. The steep-nosed tide crest looks like a vertical water of water rushing upstream. This is called a Tidal Bore.
Question 3. What do you mean by landfills in waste management?
Answer:
Landfill: Landfilling is the most common method of waste disposal, where the wastes are buried underground. But this method is not of much use in modern days, as this requires a huge vacant land for this purpose.
Or, What is meant by recycling of waste?
Answer:
Waste Recycling: The method by which old items are used once again to produce the same item is called recycling. Ex-paper, glass, plastic, metals, etc. But the materials produced after recycling are lesser in amount than the initial waste material used.
Question 4. Define “Burst of Monsoon”.
Answer:
Burst of Monsoon
The southwest monsoon in India is noted for its dramatic arrival with a rainy spell of weather continuing for some days. It is called the ‘burst’ which takes place by the end of May in Kerala, and by the 7th of June in West Bengal. By July the whole of India is brought under the influence of monsoon.
Or, Mention two purposes of “Social Forestry”.
Answer:
Purposes of “Social Forestry”
Social forestry is a philosophy of growing trees/forests outside the periphery of well-known forested areas with different governmental statuses. It includes farm forestry, rural extension forestry, roadside plantation or agriculture and urban or recreational forestry, etc.
Question 5. What do you mean by subsistence agriculture?
Answer:
Subsistence Agriculture: The practice of agriculture in which small landholdings are cultivated with primitive methods and tools, and the product is almost entirely consumed by the family members of the farmers, with a little surplus for sale, is called subsistence farming. This type of agriculture is mainly practiced for survival.
Or, Define Information Technology industry.
Answer:
Information Technology industry
Information Technology is the application of computers and telecommunication equipment to store, retrieve, transmit and manipulate data in the context of a business or other enterprise. The term is now used as a synonym for computers and computer networks. Several other industries associated with Information Technology are —computer hardware, software, electronics, semiconductors, internet; telecom equipment, e-commerce and computer services.
Question 6. What are the Geostationary satellites?
Answer:
Geo-stationary Satellite: Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES) remain above a fixed location on the earth’s surface, approximately 22,500 km above the equator. They rotate at the same speed as the earth and so they always view the same portion of the globe.
Or, What is “Remote sensing”?
Answer:
“Remote sensing”
Remote sensing is the method of gathering information about any region or object on the earth’s surface or the surface of other planets from a considerable distance, without coming in physical contact. This information helps in analyzing the region or the object.
Group D Give Brief Explanatory Answers To The Following:
Question 1. Why wind action is dominant in desert regions?
Answer: Although the wind blows over the whole of the earth, its action is predominant in arid regions.
This is because:
1. No obstacle in wind direction: In desert regions, due to lack of rainfall, there is no or very less vegetation cover. Thus wind blows unhindered at high speed.
2. Loose and exposed soil: Lack of vegetation makes the soil loose and exposed to wind action.
3. High diurnal range of temperature: Great difference between day and night temperature causes rocks to crack and break due to contraction and expansion. This makes the work of the wind easier.
Or, Discuss the differences between sea breeze and land breeze,
Answer:
Differences between sea breeze and land breeze:
| Sea Breeze | Land Breeze |
| 1. It blows during the daytime. | 1. It blows during the nighttime. |
| 2. It blows from the sea towards the land. | 2. It blows from the land towards the sea. |
| 3. It happens due to unequal heating of land and sea. | 3. It happens due to unequal rates of radiating heat by land and sea. |
Question 2. State the differences between bio-degradable and non-biodegradable wastes.
Answer:
Bio-degradable wastes:
1. Complex biotic materials are converted to simple biotic materials.
2. Generated from plant and animal wastes.
3. Eg: wood, paper, kitchen wastes, food remains, etc.
Non-biodegradable wastes:
1. Wastes cannot be converted to simple substances.
2. Generated from sources other than plants and animals.
3. Eg: polythene, PVC, plastic, DDT, etc.
Or, What are the advantages of the waste composting process?
Answer:
Advantages of the waste composting process:
1. It helps to increase the biotic or organic components of the soil.
2. The compost formed is highly useful in agriculture.
3. Composting helps to largely reduce the number of solid biodegradables.
Question 3. Discuss about three major uses of satellite imageries.
Answer:
Uses of satellite imageries:
1. The satellite imageries may be of the total hemisphere or a segment of the earth’s surface.
2. Information on relief, and physical processes, such as works of rivers, wind, glaciers, etc., distribution or resources, groundwater resources, etc. can be gathered easily by studying satellite imageries.
3. Imageries of rugged terrains, such as mountainous regions can be captured easily.
Or, Give an account of different types of scales used in “topographical maps”.
Answer:
Different types of scales used in “topographical maps” are
Map scale represents the relationship between the distance of any two points on the map and the actual distance between the same two points on the ground. It can be expressed as a map distance between two points Scale – the ground distance between the same two points
The scale of the topographical map is found at the bottom centre of the map. There are three ways in which the scale of a map is expressed :
1. Statement scale.
2. Representative fractions and
3. Linear scale.
1. Statement scale: The statement scale or verbal scale states what distance on the map is equal to what distance on the ground, (for example, 2 cm -1 km). These scales are not usually printed on the topographical map.
2. Representative fraction: Representative fraction (R.F.) or fractional scale (for example 1: 50,000). Fractional scales do not have units. This scale is the ratio of the map distance to the equivalent distance on the ground using the same unit for both. There is flexibility to choose units.
So, we can write, 1 cm on the map = 50,000 cm on the ground or, 1 m on the map = 50,000 m on the ground, and so on.
We can convert the R.F. into a verbal scale.
Example: Convert 1: 50,000 into a statement of scale 1 cm on the map represents 50,000 cm on the ground or, 1cm: 50,000 cm.
or, 1cm: 50,000/100,000 km or, 1 cm : 1/2 km or, 1 cm : 0.5 km.
3. Linear scale: This is just a line drawn on a map of known ground length. It represents the same relationship by means of a straight line which is divided into certain lengths, each of which represents a certain distance on the ground. It has usually a primary division and a second division. This scale allows quick visual estimation of distance. This scale will remain valid if it is enlarged or reduced by the same amount.
Group E Answer Any Two Questions From The Followings:
Question 1. Describe with sketches the landforms developed by the combined action of wind and running water in the arid region.
Answer:
The different landforms formed by the combined action of water and wind in a desert region are:
1. Wadi: In deserts, sudden torrential rains lead to the formation of valleys through which the collected rainwater may flow like a river. In the dry season, these valleys also remain dry.
2. Playa: Playas are small lakes found in deserts. They are highly saline and the water cannot be used for agricultural or household purposes.
3. Pediment: Pediment refers to the eroded and lowered plainlands that lie at the foot of the mountains.
4. Bajada: Bajada refers to the deposition of materials brought down by wind as well as water and deposited beyond the pediment.
Question 2. Explain three major factors responsible for temperature variation in the atmosphere.
Answer:
The word monsoon is derived from the Arabic word Muslim meaning season. The monsoon wind is a seasonal wing as it is very much associated with rain, it invariably means the rainy season.
Characteristics of this climatic region are stated below:
1. The monsoon winds change their direction according to seasons (in summer and in winter).
2. The summer monsoons bring rains as they come from the seas winter, monsoons remain rainless as they generally blow from the land.
3. Summers are hot and wet, and winters are pleasantly warm and almost rainless.
4. The summer temperature ranges between 27°C and 32°C.
5. The winter temperature varies between 13°C and 22°C.
6. The range of temperature between day and night, and between summer and winter is considerably wide; it is about 10°C to 15°C.
7. The rains come in the latter half of summer.
8. The amount of rainfall varies from place to place according to landform features. Generally, this region has an average rainfall between 100 cm and 200 cm.
Question 3. Give a brief account of the influences of Global Warming.
Answer:
The influences of global warming are discussed below:
1. Melting of glaciers: Global warming increases the average temperature of the earth’s atmosphere, which results in the melting of ice caps and glaciers. This will submerge coastal areas due to an increase in the level of seawater. The fluvial cycles will be disturbed and landforms will change. Many flora and fauna may be destroyed.
2. Climatic change: The northern hemisphere will become hotter than the southern hemisphere due to the presence of more landmasses here. The amount of rainfall in Tropical, regions will increase by 10-15%. The northern countries may experience flood and the southern countries will experience drought in the northern hemisphere. Summers will be longer. The chances of thunderstorms and cyclones will increase.
3. Ecosystem: Change in climate due to global warming may result in the extinction of many species of birds, animals and plants.
4. Spread of diseases: The germs and bacteria will become highly active and spread diseases like Dengue, Malaria, Yellow Fever, Encephalitis, etc. Some tropical diseases may spread to higher latitudes also.
5. Spread of deserts: High temperatures and high rates of evaporation will turn many places arid and hence boost the spread of deserts.
6. Effect on vegetation and agriculture: Excessive heat may hamper the growth of coniferous trees in hilly areas. Mangroves may be drowned due to the rise in sea water level. Some crops like rice, wheat, barley, soybean, tobacco, jute, etc. will reduce their growth.
Question 4. Describe the favorable physical conditions required for the cultivation of sugarcane.
Answer:
Favourable physical conditions required for the cultivation of sugarcane are as follows:
1. Temperature: Average annual temperature of 21°-27°C is favorable for the growth of sugarcane.
2. Rainfall: Average annual rainfall of 75-100 cm is necessary. If rainfall is lesser, irrigation is required.
3. Soil: Sugarcane grows best in loamy soil, black soil, alluvial soil, etc. It does not grow in alkaline salts.
4. Relief: Flat or gently rolling plains are suitable for the cultivation of sugarcane.
question 5. Discuss five reasons responsible for the uneven distribution of population in India.
Answer:
Reasons responsible for the uneven distribution of population in India
The regional distribution of the population of India is characterized by its unevenness. There are certain factors that influence the distribution of the population.
They are as follows :
1. Terrain: Plain areas provide a flat, level or gently sloping land for agriculture, development of transport, industries, etc., and attract a large number of people as compared to inaccessible mountains. We, therefore find a higher concentration of population (more than half of India’s population) in the great northern plains of India.
2. Climate: Sparse population is noticed in the cold Himalayan mountains and in the Thar desert having extremes of temperature and dry climate. In India, monsoon rain plays a vital role in determining the concentration of people. The southwest monsoon rains decrease westwards along the Indo-Gangetic plain. The concentration of the population also follows this trend.
3. Soil: Fertile soil supports higher crop production. So, in India areas with fertile soil have a dense population. Therefore, river valleys, coastal plains, black soil regions of the Deccan plateau, etc. have a dense population.
4. Water bodies: A large number of people gather near the sources of water, which is very essential for the sustenance of life. In India, the river valleys, the coastal plains and the areas around lakes are, therefore, thickly populated.
5. Mineral Resources: Mining is an important occupation of people in India next to agriculture. So, a large number of people in India live in the Chotanagpur plateau of Jharkhand, the storehouse of minerals in India.
6. Industries: Industries are called the backbone of a country’s economy. They provide employment to a large number of people, and so, in India industrial areas in the states of Gujarat, Maharashtra, Jharkhand, Orissa, and West Bengal have a high concentration of population.
7. Transport: Population concentration is high in areas with a well-knit network of transport routes. Hence the Great Northern plains of India are thickly populated. Remote mountainous areas with poor transport facilities are sparsely populated.
8. Urbanisation: Urban (city) areas with more civic amenities attract a larger number of people than the villages. So, urbanised areas like Kolkata, Mumbai, Delhi, Chennai, Hyderabad, Chandigarh, etc. have population densities of over 6000 persons sq. km.
9. Historical and Political factors: After the partition of Bengal, the population of West Bengal grew up due to the influx of people from the other side of Bengal.
10. Religious influence: Varanasi, Mathura, Haridwar, Nabadweep, and Puri, the sacred religious centers of the Hindus, Agra of the Muslims, and Amritsar of the Sikhs are densely populated due to religious factors.