NEET Biology Environmental Issues Multiple Choice Question And Answers

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 Biology MCQ For NEET With Answers Environmental Issues

Question 1. Any foreign material or gases which when released into the atmosphere and prove harmful to man, vegetation, animals or buildings, etc., are known as

  1. Antigens
  2. Allergens
  3. Pollutants
  4. Toxins

Answer: 3. Pollutants

Pollutants are the foreign elements or gases which when released into the atmosphere prove harmful to man, vegetation, animals or buildings, etc.

Question 2. A pollutant is any substance, chemical or other factor that changes

  1. Natural Geochemical Cycles
  2. The Natural Balance Of Our Environment
  3. The Natural Flora Of Our Environment
  4. The natural wildlife of our region

Answer: 2. The Natural Balance Of Our Environment

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The environment is our surrounding. This includes living and non-living around us. The non-living components of the environment are land, water and air. The living component are plants and animals. All plants and animals adjust to the environment in which they are born and live. A change in any component of the environment may cause discomfort and affect normal life. Any unfavourable change or degradation is the environmental pollution. Thus, the correct answer is option 2.

Question 3. A pollutant can best defined as anything that 

  1. Has A Natural Geochemical Cycle
  2. Changes in Homeostasis Of The Environment
  3. Disturbs The Natural Flora Of A Place
  4. Becomes stabilised in the ecosystem forever

Answer: 2. Changes Homeostasis Of The Environment

Pollutant is any substance, chemical or factor, which has the potential to harmfully affect the human being, plants and other animals and therefore, changes the homeostasis of environment.

Question 4. Pollution is defined as

  1. A Desirable Change In The Physical And Chemical Nature Of Our Air, Water And Land
  2. An Undesirable Change In The Physical, Chemical Or Biological Characteristics Of Our Air, Water And Land That May Harm Life On The Earth
  3. Depletion Of Mineral Resources
  4. None of the above

Answer: 2. An Undesirable Change In The Physical, Chemical Or Biological Characteristics Of Our Air, Water And Land That May Harm Life On The Earth Pollution can be defined as undesirable change in the physical, chemical and biological properties of air, water and soil (land), which directly or indirectly affects human beings, i.e. life on earth.

Environmental Issues NEET Questions

NEET Biology Environmental Issues Multiple Choice Question And Answers

Question 5. Pollution affects 

  1. Crossing Over
  2. Ecological Balance
  3. Linkage
  4. Mutation

Answer: 2. Ecological Balance

Ecological balance is the maintenance of an equilibrium between living components of an ecosystem. Pollution brings undesirable change in the environment which affects the human beings and other species and as well as living conditions, thus disturbing the ecological balance.

Question 6. Pollution is an unavoidable consequence of 

  1. Industrialisation
  2. Population
  3. Urbanisation
  4. Deforestation

Answer: 1. Industrialisation

Pollution is an unavoidable consequence of industrialisation.

Question 7. Which of the following is the most harmful environmental pollutant?

  1. Non-biodegradable chemicals
  2. Livestock waste
  3. Human organic wastes
  4. Natural nutrients present in excess

Answer: 1. Non-biodegradable chemicals

Biodegradable wastes are those wastes which easily gets degraded into simpler molecules over a period of time by microorganisms. Biodegradable wastes include human organic wastes, nutrient wastes, etc., whereas non-biodegradable substances accumulate in the environment and causes pollution. These wastes sometimes accumulate in an organism when they feed upon them and through biomagnification reaches a higher concentration in higher groups. So, non-biodegradable chemicals are most harmful environmental pollutant.

Question 8. Pollutants which are decomposed by nature and further recycled are called

  1. Non-Degradable
  2. Biodegradable
  3. Denaturable
  4. Simplificable

Answer: 2. Biodegradable

Biodegradable waste means useful waste. This is the waste that can be reused or recycled. Biodegradable waste consists of useful part of waste like peels of fruits and vegetable, waste food, paper waste, dry leaves, tea leaves dead plants, etc., fruits and vegetable waste can be used as manure to plants.

Environmental Issues NEET Questions

Question 9. Which of the following is considered as anthropogenic pollution?

  1. Pollution caused by volcanic eruptions
  2. Pollution caused by pollens
  3. Pollution caused by agricultural activities
  4. Pollution caused by forest fires

Answer: 3. Pollution caused by agricultural activities

Anthropogenic pollution is caused due to human (agricultural) activities. Burning of fossil fuels, deforestation, mining, sewage, industrial effluent, pesticides, fertilisers, etc., can cause anthropogenic pollution.

Question 10. Sand and dust storms cause

  1. Artificial Pollution
  2. Natural Pollution
  3. Both 1 And 2
  4. No pollution

Answer: 2. Natural Pollution

Sand and dust storms are caused because of various environmental factors like temperature, wind, air pressure, etc. The sand and dust storms produce natural pollution.

Question 11. The effect of pollution first marked on

  1. Microorganisms
  2. Green Vegetation Of An Area
  3. Food crop
  4. None of the above

Answer: 2. Green Vegetation Of An Area

Plants form the base of the food level for all organisms. They require atmospheric gases for photosynthesis. Thus, any change in the atmosphere due to pollution is first observed in plants.

Thus, option 2 is correct.

Read And Learn More: NEET Biology Multiple Choice Question And Answers

Question 12. The pollutants which are already present in nature, but are released in substantial amounts by man are known as 

  1. Qualitative Pollutants
  2. Degradable Pollutants
  3. Primary Pollutants
  4. Quantitative pollutants

Answer: 4. Quantitative pollutants

Quantitative pollutants are those substances which are already present in the environment but are termed as pollutants when their concentration (quantity) increases in the environment, e.g. nowadays CO2 is present in the environment in greater quantity than normal.

Environmental Issues NEET Questions

Question 13. Which of the following is a rich source of energy, but never causes atmospheric pollution?

  1. Nuclear energy
  2. Solar energy
  3. Coal
  4. Wood

Answer: 2. Solar energy

Solar energy is the largest untapped energy source but never causes atmospheric pollution.

Question 14. Biodegradable pollutants are the

  1. Domestic Wastes That Can Be Rapidly Decomposed Under Natural Conditions
  2. Industrial Wastes That Can Be Rapidly Decomposed Under Natural Conditions
  3. Industrial wastes that can be decomposed under artificial conditions
  4. None of the above

Answer: 1. Domestic Wastes That Can Be Rapidly Decomposed Under Natural Conditions

Biodegradable pollutants are domestic wastes that degrade or break down naturally. Materials like dead plants and animals, waste of paper, fruits, flowers and vegetables fall under biodegradable substances.

Question 15. Which one of the following is not biodegradable?

  1. Radioactive substances
  2. Baggage
  3. Molasses
  4. Agricultural wastes

Answer: 1. Radioactive substances

Radioactive substances are not biodegradable.

Question 16. This is a non-biodegradable pollutant.

  1. Sewage
  2. Sulphur dioxide
  3. Oxides of nitrogen
  4. Lead vapour

Answer: 4. Lead vapour

Non-biodegradable pollutants are those pollutants that cannot be degraded by natural processes, e.g. heavy metals such as lead in industrial effluents and DDT, mercuric salts, light chain phenolics and other chlorinated hydrocarbons used as pesticides, which eventually accumulate in the environment and may be concentrated in food chains.

Question 17. Industrial waste contains

  1. Non-Biodegradable Waste
  2. Domestic Waste
  3. Electronic waste
  4. All of the above

Answer: 1. Non-Biodegradable Waste

Industrial wastes contain non-biodegradable waste. Those industrial wastes which cannot be decomposed into non-poisonous substances are the non-biodegradable wastes, e.g. plastics, flyash, synthetic fibres, gypsum, silver foil, glass objects, radioactive wastes, etc

Question 18. Which of the following are non-biodegradable pollutants?

  1. Mercuric salts
  2. Long chain phenolics
  3. DDT
  4. All of the above

Answer: 4. All of the above

Non-biodegradable pollutants are those pollutants that cannot be degraded by natural processes, e.g. heavy metals such as lead in industrial effluents and DDT, mercuric salts, light chain phenolics and other chlorinated hydrocarbons used as pesticides, which eventually accumulate in the environment and may be concentrated in food chains.

Question 19. Pollution is not caused by

  1. Thermal Power Plant Up Cpmt
  2. Automobile
  3. Radioactive Power Plant
  4. Hydroelectric power plant

Answer: 4. Hydroelectric power plant

Hydroelectric power plants do not cause any type of pollution. Automobiles cause air pollution. Automobiles burn petroleum causing 80% of air pollution and 75% of noise pollution. The radioactive wastes released from radioactive power plants cause soil and water pollution. Hot effluents and hot water (e.g. thermal plants/atomic reactors) bring about a rise in water temperature. Warm water contains less oxygen and has a lower rate of putrescibility resulting in increased organic loading, and replacement of green algae by blue-green ones.

Question 20. Carcinogenic pollutants are

  1. Hydrocarbons
  2. Oxides Of Carbon
  3. Oxides Of Nitrogen
  4. Ozone

Answer: 1. Hydrocarbons

Hydrocarbons are composed of hydrogen and carbon only and are formed by incomplete combustion of fuel used in automobiles. Hydrocarbons are carcinogenic, i.e. they cause cancer.

Question 21. Pollution can be controlled by

  1. Sewage Treatment
  2. Manufacturing Electrically Operated Vehicles
  3. By checking atomic blasts
  4. All of the above

Answer: 4. All of the above

Checking atomic blasts will reduce radioactive pollution. Sewage pollution can be prevented by treating sewage before passing it into a water source in a sewage treatment plant or Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP). Electrically operated vehicles will control automobile exhaust and improve air quality in cities.

Thus, option 4 is correct.

Question 22. The Environment (Protection) Act to protect and improve the quality of the environment (air, water and soil) was passed by the Government of India in the year 

  1. 1971
  2. 1974
  3. 1981
  4. 1986

Answer: 4. 1986

The Environment (Protection) Act of 1986 (EPA) was enacted by the Government of India under Article 253 of the Indian Constitution.‘ The aim of the Environment Protection Act of 1986 is to improve and protect the human environment, most importantly to prevent hazards from happening and causing damage to the ecology.

Question 23. Allergic reactions may be due to

  1. Heavy Metal Particulate Pollutants
  2. Gaseous Pollutants
  3. Chlorofluoromethanes
  4. Spore, pollen

Answer: 4. Spore, pollen

Many people are allergic to dust, smoke, spores, pollen, etc. When there is wind and all these other pollutants are in air many of us suffer with sore eyes, cough, sneezing and bronchitis, etc., types of diseases.

Biology MCQ For NEET With Answers

Question 24. The ‘World Environment Day is on 

  1. 10th April
  2. 5th June
  3. 7th August
  4. 28th February

Answer: 2. 5th June

5th June of every year is a day used by the United Nations to stimulate worldwide awareness about environmental issues and encourages political action, thus celebrated as World Environment day.

Question 25. The presence of unwanted and harmful substances in the air by the activity of mankind is called

  1. Air Pollution
  2. Soil Pollution
  3. Water Pollution
  4. Land Pollution

Answer: 1. Air Pollution

The presence of unwanted and harmful substances in the air by the activity of humans is called air pollution.

Question 26. An example of a point source of pollution.

  1. Mine
  2. Industrial estate
  3. Chimney
  4. All of the above

Answer: 3. Chimney

The chimney is a main point source of pollution where pollutants are released from a single point. Mining areas and industrial estates are area sources of pollution.

Question 27. The main source of air pollution is

  1. Burning Of Wood And Fossil Fuels
  2. Vehicular Traffic
  3. Running of industries
  4. All of the above

Answer: 4. All of the above

There are four main types of air pollution sources. Mobile sources such as cars, buses, planes, trucks and trains. Stationary sources such as power plants, oil refineries, industrial facilities and factories. Area sources such as agricultural areas, cities and wood-burning fireplaces. Natural sources are windblown dust, wildfires and volcanoes.

Thus, option 4 is correct

Question 28. Air pollution can harm plants by

  1. Reducing Growth And Yield
  2. Causing Premature Death
  3. Both 1 And 2
  4. Causing wilting

Answer: 3. Both 1 And 2

Air pollution reduces the growth and yield of crops and causes premature death of plants.

Biology MCQ For NEET With Answers

Question 29. Which of the following is the major source of air pollution?

  1. Cotton mills
  2. Thermal power plant
  3. Petroleum refineries
  4. Nuclear reactors

Answer: 1. Cotton mills

The cotton dust of less than 2 mm in size is 176 mg/100 m³ in fine mills and concentration above 150 mg/100 m3 produces pneumoconiosis or lung fibrosis called byssinosis. It is the main source of air pollution.

Question 30. Air pollution cannot be curbed by

  1. Minimising Fossil Fuel Burning
  2. Reducing Vehicular Traffic
  3. Increasing The Use Of Lead-Free Petrol
  4. Widening open space by reducing forest area

Answer: 4. Widening open space by reducing forest area

Air pollution can be curbed by afforestation and not by deforestation. Options 1, 2 and 3 helps in curbing air pollution.

 

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