NEET Biology Biodiversity Conservation Multiple Choice Question And Answers

by

NEET Biology Mcqs Biodiversity Conservation

Question 1. Biodiversity must be conserved because of its

  1. Broadly Utilitarian Benefits
  2. Narrowly Utilitarian
  3. Nil Utilitarian Benefits
  4. Ethical utilitarian benefits

Choose the correct option.

  1. 1,2,3, and 4
  2. 2,3, and 4
  3. 1,2, and 4
  4. 1,3 and 4

Answer: 3.1,2, and 4

There are many reasons, some are obvious and others are not so obvious, but all are equally important behind conserving biodiversity. They can be grouped into three categories, i.e. narrowly utilitarian, broadly utilitarian and ethical utilitarian.

Thus, option 3 is correct.

Read And Learn More: NEET Biology Multiple Choice Question And Answers

Question 2. Narrowly utilitarian products that are obtained from the biodiversity includes

  1. Ecosystem Services
  2. Industrial Products From Plants
  3. Aesthetic Value Of Blooming Flowers During Spring
  4. Aesthetic Pleasure Of Walking Through Thick Forests
  5. Fibre, Firewood And Other Construction Material
  6. Products of medicinal values

Choose the option containing correct set of products.

  1. 1, 2 and 3
  2. 2, 5 and 4
  3. 5, 5 and 6
  4. 1, 3 and 4

Answer: 2. 2, 5 and 4

The narrowly utilitarian focused conserving biodiversity for food (pulses, cereals, fruits), firewood, fibre, construction material, industrial products (tannins, lubricants, dyes, resins, perfumes) and the products of medicinal importance.

Thus, option 2 is correct.

“biodiversity questions “

Question 3. Why is it necessary to conserve the wildlife?

  1. To protect various food chains
  2. To maintain species diversity
  3. To safeguard the environment of earth
  4. All of the above

Answer: 4. All of the above

All given options are correct because widlife and the forests are the measure of the biodiversity of a particular region. By conserving the wildlife, we ensure that all diverse species in an area survive, breed and flourish, they maintain species diversity, protect the various food chains and web. Conservation of wildlife is vital for the ecological stability of earth.

Thus, option 4 is correct.

NEET Biology Mcqs

NEET Biology Biodiversity Conservation Multiple Choice Question And Answers

Question 4. Wildlife conservation means the protection and preservation of 

  1. Only ferocious wild animals
  2. Only wild plants
  3. Non-cultivated plants and non-domesticated animals
  4. All the above living in natural habitat

Answer: 4. All the above living in natural habitat

Wildlife conservation is the strategy to protect wild plant or animal species and their habitats. The goal of wildlife conservation is to ensure that nature will be maintained for next generations and able to recognise the importance of wildlife. Wildlife includes ferocious wild animals, wild plants, non-cultivated plant and non-domesticated animals living in natural habitat.

Thus, option 4 is correct.

Question 5. Best way to preserve the wildlife is

  1. To Kill The Predators
  2. To Preserve Natural Habitat
  3. Vaccinate The Animals
  4. Optimise the breeding habit

Answer: 2. To Preserve Natural Habitat

The best way to preserve the wildlife is to preserve their natural habitat, so that wildlife can flourish and breed without any conflicts.

Question 6. Which one of the following is not wildlife conservation?

  1. Project dodo
  2. Project Indian bustard
  3. Project tiger
  4. Project hangul

Answer: 1. Project dodo

Indian Bustard is the bird which is found in the regions of Gujarat and Rajasthan. Tiger and hangul are the animals which have remained in very limited numbers due to human activities of hunting and poaching. There are projects which have been started as a part of conservation and protection of these animals and birds. There is no project named dodo which is included in wildlife conservation project.

Thus, option 1 is correct.

Question 7. Select the correct statement about biodiversity.

  1. Large scale planting of Bt cotton has no adverse effect on biodiversity
  2. Western ghats have a very high degree of species richness and endemism
  3. Conservation of biodiversity is just a fad pursued by the developed countries
  4. The desert areas of Rajasthan and Gujarat have a very high level of desert animal species as well as numerous rare animals

Answer: 2. Western ghats have a very high degree of species richness and endemism.

The statement in option 2 is correct.

  • Western ghats is biodiversity-rich zone along with endemism. The forests of the Western ghats are some of the best representatives of non-equatorial tropical evergreen forests in the world. The Western ghats have evolved into one of the richest centres of endemism owing to their isolation from other moist areas.
  • Other statements are incorrect and can be corrected as
  • Large scale planting of Bt cotton has adverse effect on biodiversity because it leads to the disappearance of lepidopterans insects.
  • Conservation of biodiversity is a major goal to both developed and developing countries.
  • The desert areas of Rajasthan and Gujarat support very little lifeform.

NEET Biology Mcqs

Question 8. Just as a person is moving from Delhi to Shimla to escape the heat for the duration of hot summer, thousands of migratory birds from Siberia and other extremely cold Northern regions move to CBSE AIPMT

  1. Western Ghats
  2. Meghalaya
  3. Corbett National Park
  4. Keolado National Park

Answer: 4. Keolado National Park

Migratory birds from Siberia are generally migrates at Keolado National Park, Bharatpur during winter season.

“which one is an endangered species in the following “

Question 9. Assertion Rann of Kutch has breeding grounds for flamingos. Reason (R) Rann of Kutch is a natural reserve for wild ass also.

  1. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
  2. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
  3. A is true, but R is false
  4. Both A and R are false

Answer: 2. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A

Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A. Rann of Kutch has breeding grounds for flamingos due to favourable conditions. Wild ass are natural reserve of Rann of Kutch for the same reason.

Question 10. Which statement is correctly described the sustainable use of resources?

  1. Protected strips of the land allowing organisms to migrate from one wilderness to another
  2. A law that makes it illegal to harm any species listed as endangered or threatened
  3. The ability to use natural resources in a way that helps people to protect the ecosystem
  4. The study of the methods to help protect biodiversity

Answer: 3. The ability to use natural resources in a way that helps people to protect the ecosystem

The statement in option 3 is correctly described the sustainable use of resources. Conservation of biodiversity is the protection, uplift and scientific management of biodiversity, so as to maintain it at its optimum level and derive sustainable benefits for the present as well as future generations. Sustainable use is the ability to use natural resources in a way that helps people and protects the ecosystem. Rest statements are not correctly described the sustainable use of resources.

Question 11. What value can be obtained from medicinal drugs from plants and can be attributed to?

  1. Aesthetic value
  2. Ethical value
  3. Indirect economic value
  4. Direct economic value

Answer: 4. Direct economic value

Humans derive countless direct economic benefits from nature like food, firewood, fibre, construction material, industrial products and products of medicinal importance. More than 25% of the drugs currently sold in the market worldwide are derived from plants and 25,000 species of plants contribute to the traditional medicines used by native peoples around the world.

NEET Biology Mcqs Chapter Wise

Question 12. Which is the National Aquatic Animal of India?

  1. Gangetic shark
  2. River dolphin
  3. Blue whale
  4. Seahorse

Answer: 2. River dolphin

River dolphin represents the purity of the holy Ganga as it can only survive in pure and fresh water. It is the National Aquatic Animal of India

Question 13. Commercial latex is obtained from 

  1. Euphorbiaceae
  2. Acacia arabica
  3. Tectona grandis
  4. Manihot esculenta

Answer: 1. Euphorbiaceae

Commercial latex is obtained from the rubber tree Hevea brasiliensis. It belongs to the family–Euphorbiaceae.

“biodiversity quiz “

Question 14. Bishnoi of Rajasthan are famous for the protection of

  1. Black Buck–Antelope Cervicarpa
  2. Musk Deer–Moschus Mosciferus
  3. Rhino–Rhinoceros Unicomis
  4. Snow leopard–Panthera uncia

Answer: 1. Black Buck–Antelope Cervicarpa

Bishnois are strong lovers of wild animals. It is because of their protection that in Bishnoi-dominated areas deer and antelope (such as blue bulls, black bucks, chinkaras and chowsinghas) are seen grazing peacefully in their fields.

Question 15. Conservation of organisms in natural habitat is called 

  1. Ex Situ Conservation
  2. In situ conservation
  3. Both 1 and 2
  4. None of the above

Answer: 2. In situ conservation

In in situ conservation, the endangered species are protected in their natural habitats, so that the entire ecosystem is protected. Biosphere reserves, national parks, wildlife sanctuaries and sacred groves, all are examples of in situ conservation

Question 16. Which one of the following is an in situ method of biodiversity conservation?

  1. National park
  2. Botanical garden
  3. Zoological garden
  4. Scientific laboratory

Answer: 1. National park

In in situ conservation, the endangered species are protected in
their natural habitats, so that the entire ecosystem is protected. Biosphere reserves, national parks, wildlife sanctuaries and sacred groves, all are examples of in situ conservation

NEET Biology Mcqs Chapter Wise

Question 17. Assertion Conservation of biological diversity under natural conditions is in situ conservation. Reason (R) Increase of Manipur deer from 17 animals to 150 in Kolkata and Delhi zoos is one of example in situ conservation.

  1. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
  2. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
  3. A is true, but R is false
  4. Both A and R are false

Answer: 3. A is true, but R is false

A is true, but R is false. The reason can be corrected as the Increase of Manipur deer from 17 animals to 150 in Kolkata and DelhZoos is an example of ex-situ conservation.

Question 18. All the following are included under in situ conservation except 

  1. National Park
  2. Sanctuary
  3. Botanical Garden
  4. Biosphere reserve

Answer: 3. Botanical Garden

Botanical gardens conserve plant diversity ex-situ and can prevent extinction through integrated conservation action. Ex situ strategy is the conservation of selected threatened plant and animal species in places outside their natural habitat, where the population is conserved under stimulated conditions that closely resemble their natural habitats. It includes botanical gardens, zoological parks, wildlife safari, gene banks, etc.

Question 19. Which one of the following is not used for ex-situ plant conservation?

  1. Field gene banks NEET 2013
  2. Seed banks
  3. Shifting cultivation
  4. Botanical gardens

Answer: 3. Shifting cultivation

Shifting cultivation or Jhum cultivation causes deforestation. It is also called Slash and Burn agriculture.

Question 20. Bandipur in Karnataka state is the site of 

  1. The Tiger Project
  2. The Deer Project
  3. The Peacock Project
  4. The elephant project

Answer: 1. The Tiger Project

Bandipur national park established in 1974 as a tiger reserve under Project Tiger, is a national park located in Karnataka.

Question 21. Today …………… % of the total land surface of the earth has been set aside as nationally protected areas.

  1. 10
  2. 6.5
  3. 4.9
  4. 15.4

Answer: 4. 15.4

15% of the Earth’s land and 10% of its territorial waters is covered by national parks and other protected areas.

NEET Biology Mcqs Chapter Wise

Question 22. The largest tiger reserve in India is

  1. Nagarhole NEET 2013
  2. Valmiki
  3. Nagarjunsagar -Srisailam
  4. Periyar

Answer: 3. Nagarjunsagar -Srisailam

Nagarjunsagar -Srisailam tiger reserve is the largest tiger reserve in India and this is spread over 5 districts in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. The area consists mostly of the Nallamala Hills

Question 23. For the conservation of the tiger ‘a tiger project’ is being run in the country. How many tiger reserves are there under this project?

  1. 10
  2. 14
  3. 12
  4. 50

Answer: 4. 50

Project Tiger was launched by the Government of India in the year 1973 to save the endangered species of tiger in the country. Starting from nine (9) reserves in 1973-74, the number is grown up to fifty (50).

Question 24. Which one of the following is the matching pair of a sanctuary and its main protected wild animal?

  1. North-Eastern Himalayan Region – Sambar
  2. Sunderban – Rhino
  3. Gir – Lion
  4. Kaziranga – Musk deer

Answer: 3. Gir – Lion

Option 3 is a correctly matched pair.

Lion is the main protected animal of Gir National Park, Gujarat. The rest others are incorrectly matched pairs and can be corrected as Rhino is protected in Kaziranga National Park, Assam. Tiger is protected in Sunderbans Tiger Reserve. Sambar deer is widely distributed and is protected in Perch, Kanha, and Bandipur.

Question 25. ‘Project Tiger’ in India was started in

  1. 1970
  2. 1973
  3. 1981
  4. 1985

Answer: 2. 1973

Project tiger is a tiger conservation programme launched in April 1973 by the Government of India. The administrating body for the project is the National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA). The NTCA was formed in 2005 as per the recommendation of the Tiger Task force.

Question 26. Identify the correct pair of an animal and its habitat

  1. Elephant – Ranthambore
  2. Flamingo – Rann of Kutch
  3. Wild elephant – Dachigam
  4. Great Indian bustard – Assom

Answer: 2. Flamingo – Rann of Kutch

Option 2 is correctly matched pair. The Rann of Kutch in Gujarat, is one of the few and biggest breeding sites of the flamingo in the world. Other options are incorrect pairs and can be corrected as

  • Ranthambore is the tiger reserve.
  • Dachigam is famous for the Kashmiri stag.
  • Assam is famous for rhinoceros.

Question 27. The national bird of India is 

  1. Hornbill
  2. Black Swan
  3. Peacock (Pavo Cristatus)
  4. House sparrow

Answer: 3. Peacock (Pavo Cristatus)

The national bird of India is the Indian peafowl commonly termed as a peacock.

Question 28. Which of the following plants are commonly found in the Sundarban biosphere reserve?

  1. Mangroves
  2. Cactus
  3. Juniperus
  4. Conifers

Answer: 1. Mangroves

The name Sundarban literally means ‘a beautiful forest’ if translated into the native language of Bengal. The name may have been derived from the Sundari trees (the mangrove species Heritiera fomes) that are found in Sundarbans in large numbers.

Question 29. Flamingos reproduce in 

  1. Chilka lake
  2. Sambhar lake
  3. Kutch
  4. Mansarovar

Answer: 1. Chilka Lake

Rann of Kutch, located in Gujarat, is also known as the city of Flamingo. It houses many beautiful Flamingos. After every Manson, these birds come here from central Asia to build their nests, breed in shifts through the winter and migrate in the summer. Rann of Kutch is a saline desert and Flamingos built its nest here. So, Flamingos reproduce in Chilka Lake.

Question 30. Silent Valley of Kerala is preserved because of

  1. Many Rare Species
  2. Many New Plants
  3. New Hybrids
  4. None of the above

Answer: 1. Many Rare Species

Silent valley is a tropical evergreen forest in Kerala declared as a national reserve forest because it contains very rare species of plants and animals. This area was explored in 1847 by the botanist Robert Wight. Rare species found here include the Ceylon frog-mouth, great Indian hornbill, lion-tailed macaque, Nilgiri langur, Hanuman langur, etc.

Question 31. The only ape found in India is

  1. Gorilla
  2. Chimpanzee
  3. Hoolock Gibbon
  4. Leaf monkey

Answer: 3. Hoolock Gibbon

Hoolock gibbons are found in several states of North-East India including Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Tripura and Nagaland. They are also spotted in the Kaziranga national park, Manas wildlife sanctuary and Namdapha National Park.

Question 32. ‘Valley of flowers is found in

  1. Nilgiri hills
  2. North-Eastern Himalayas
  3. North-Western Himalayas
  4. Satpura hills

Answer: 3. North-Western Himalayas

Valley of Flowers established in 1931 is 87 sq. km. in North Western Himalaya is a national park with rare collection of flora. It is the core zone of Nanda Devi biosphere reserve.

Question 33. Crocodiles found in India are

  1. Crocodylus porosus and C. palustris
  2. C. palustris and Gavialis gangeticus
  3. G. gangeticus and C. porous
  4. C. porosus, C. palustris and G. gangeticus

Answer: 4. C. porosus, C. palustris and G. gangeticus

The mugger or marsh crocodile (Crocodylus palustris) is found in lakes and rivers throughout the country. The saltwater crocodile (C. porous) is found along the Eastern coast of the country and the Nicobar and Andaman Islands. The gharial (Gavialis gangeticus) is found in river areas, though is greatly reduced from its previous range.

Question 34. Which one of the following monkeys shows brachiation?

  1. Jumping monkey (Aotus)
  2. Typical monkey (Cebus)
  3. Spider monkey (Ateles)
  4. Rhesus monkey (Macaca)

Answer: 3. Spider monkey (Ateles)

Spider monkeys move through the forest canopy using tail-assisted brachiation, which involves hanging from the arms or tail and swinging from point-to-point

Biodiversity And Conservation Mcqs

Question 35. Indian wildness is in the category of ……………… by the Wildlife Protection Act of the Government of India.

  1. Rare Species
  2. Endangered Species
  3. Endemic Species
  4. Vulnerable species

Answer: 4. Vulnerable species

Indian wild-ass is currently listed as near threatened by IUCN. It is an endangered or threatened species due to the outbreak of South African Horse sickness. Besides disease, the ass’s other threats include habitat degradation.

Question 36. The source of ‘ivory’ is

  1. Tusks Of Elephant
  2. Bones Of Whale
  3. Antlers Of Deer
  4. Bones of elephant

Answer: 1. Tusks Of Elephant

The source of ivory is the tusk of elephants, which is very expensive and is made up of dentine. They are considered to the very valuable because of their texture, softness and its lack of a tough outer coating of enamel.

Question 37. The map given below indicates the former and the present distribution of an animal.

NEET Biology Biodiversity Conservation former distribution and present distribution

Which animal could it be?

  1. Wildass
  2. Nilgai
  3. Blackbuck
  4. Lion

Answer: 1. Wildass

The wildest, once widely distributed in the North-Western arid zone, are now confined to the Runn of Kutch and Pakistan. Indian wild-ass sanctuary is located in Gujarat. It is spread over 4954 km2, is the largest wildlife sanctuary in India.

Question 38. Which one of the following is a refuge for the Asiatic lion (Panthera leo persica)?

  1. Kanha national park (MP)
  2. Corbett national park (UP)
  3. Kaziranga national park (Assom)
  4. Gir Forest (Gujarat)

Answer: 4. Gir forest (Gujarat)

Panthera leo persica is listed as endangered species in the IUCN Red List. The population in India historically inhabited regions of Western Asia and the Middle East up to Northern India. But it is now restricted to the Gir forest (Gujarat) India.

Question 39. The lion-tailed monkeys (Malaca silenus) are found only in these regions

  1. Kaziranga and other parts of Assom
  2. Eastern ghats and Madras
  3. Western ghats including Travancore-Mysore
  4. Himalayan mountains

Answer: 3. Western ghats including Travancore-Mysore

The lion-tailed macaque or the wanderoo, is an old-world monkey endemic to the Western Ghats of South India including Travancore-Mysore. This mountainous region encompasses several Indian states, including Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Karnataka.

Biodiversity And Conservation Mcqs

Question 40. The first white tiger in the world was found in AIEEE

  1. Gir in Saurashtra
  2. Rewa in Madhya Pradesh
  3. Sundarbans in Bengal
  4. Corbett national park in Uttarakhand

Answer: 2. Rewa in Madhya Pradesh

The white tiger or bleached tiger is a pigmentation variant of the Bengal tiger, which is reported in the wild from time to time in the Indian states of Madhya Pradesh, Assom, West Bengal and Bihar, in the Sunderbans region and especially in the former state of Rewa. The first white tiger in the world was found in Rewa. It is also known as the Land of the White Tiger.

Question 41. In India, the rhinoceros is the most important protected species in

  1. Dachigam national park
  2. Kaziranga national park
  3. Sundarbans national park
  4. Dudhwa national park

Answer: 2. Kaziranga national park

Kaziranga national park is a protected area in Assam. Spread across the floodplains of the Brahmaputra river, its forests, wetlands and grasslands are home to tigers, elephants and the world’s largest population of Indian one-horned rhinoceroses. Ganges river dolphins swim in the park’s waters. Its visited by many rare migratory birds and grey pelicans roost near Kaziranga village.

Question 42. The total number of biodiversity hotspots in the world are

  1. 72
  2. 34
  3. 52
  4. 24

Answer: 2. 34

Biodiversity hotspots are areas of high endemism and high levels of species richness. Initially, 25 biodiversity hotspots were identified, but subsequently, nine more have been added to the list bringing the total number of biodiversity hotspots in the world to 34.

Question 43. An approximate of ……………… of the earth is covered by hotspots.

  1. 2.5%
  2. 3.5%
  3. Less than 2%
  4. 4.5%

Answer: 3. Less than 2%

The approximate percentage of the earth covered by terrestrial hotspots is 1.5% (less than 2%).

Question 44. Which one of the following is not observed in biodiversity hotspots?

  1. Endemism
  2. Accelerated species loss
  3. Lesser interspecific competition
  4. Species richness

Answer: 3. Lesser interspecific competition

All given options were observed in biodiversity hotspots except option 3. In biodiversity hotspots, interspecific competition is high. These hotspots are also regions of accelerated habitat loss. Ecologically, hotspots are determined by four factors number of species/area (species richness), degree of endemism (species confined to that region and not found anywhere else), degree of threat to habitat due to its degradation and fragmentation and degree of exploitation. Incorrect and option be corrected as In biodiversity hotspot areas, more interspecific competition will be observed due to more number of species.

Question 45. In India, hotspot area is found in 

  1. Eastern Himalayas
  2. Gujarat
  3. Madhya Pradesh
  4. Eastern ghats

Answer: 1. Eastern Himalayas

Out of the 25 hotspots of the world, three are found in India. These are the Western Ghats, Sri Lanka, Indo-Burma and Eastern Himalayas and they extend to the neighbouring countries also. These areas show high degree of endemism and are inhabited by a wide variety of flowering plants, swallow-tailed butterflies, amphibians, reptiles and mammals.

Biodiversity And Conservation Mcqs

Question 46. Which one of the following areas in India, is a hotspot of biodiversity 

  1. Eastern ghats
  2. Gangetic plain
  3. Sundarbans
  4. Western ghats

Answer: 4. Western ghats

Out of the 25 hotspots of the world, three are found in India. These are Western Ghats, Sri Lanka, Indo-Burma and Eastern Himalayas and they extend to the neighbouring countries also. These areas show high degree of endemism and are inhabited by a wide variety of flowering plants, swallow-tailed butterflies, amphibians, reptiles and mammals.

Question 47. Match the following columns

NEET Biology Biodiversity Conservation Match the columns Q 47

Answer: 3. A–2, B–3, C–1, D–4

Question 48. Conservation of hotspots are best described as

  1. Islands Experiencing High Rates Of Extinction
  2. Areas Where Native Species Are Being Replaced With Introduced Species
  3. Areas Where The People Are Active Supporters Of The Biological Diversity
  4. Areas with large members of endemic species that are disappearing rapidly

Answer: 4. Areas with large members of endemic species that are disappearing rapidly

A biodiversity hotspot is a biogeographic region with a significant reservoir of biodiversity that is under threat from humans. To qualify as a biodiversity hotspot on Myers 2000 edition of the hotspot map, a region must meet two strict criteria, it must contain atleast 0.5% or 1500 species of vascular plants as endemics, and it has to have lost atleast 70% of its primary vegetation. Around the world, 25 areas quality under their definition with nine other possible candidates. These sites support nearly 60% of the world ‘s plant, bird, mammal, reptile and amphibian species with a very high share of endemic species.

Question 49. There are a total of …A… biodiversity hotspots now, …B… more than previously recorded….C… in Southern India is also one of the hotspots. It is presumed that strict protection measures can help in reducing the ongoing mass extinction by almost …D… .

Choose the correct Option:

  1. A–34, B–15, C–Eastern ghats, D–22%
  2. A–34, B–9, C–Western ghats, D–30%
  3. A–25, B–8-5, C–Nicobar islands, D–50 %
  4. A–44, B–9, C–Kaveri basin, D–30%

Answer: 2. A–34, B–9, C–Western ghats, D–30%

  1. There are a total of 34 biodiversity hotspots now, 9 more than previously recorded.
  2. The Western Ghats in Southern India is also one of the hotspots.
  3. It is preserved that strict protection can help in reducing the ongoing mass extinction by almost 30% (D).

Question 50. An area is declared as ‘hotspot’ when

  1. It Has 1500 Or More Endemic Species And 75% Of Its Original Habitat Is Lost
  2. It Has 1500 Or More Vertebrate Species And 75% Of Its Original Habitat Is Lost
  3. It Has More Than 2000 Species Of Plants
  4. Most of the species inhabiting the area is facing the risk of extinction

Answer: 3. It Has More Than 2000 Species Of Plants

An area to be declared as a hotspot it should have 1500 or more endemic species and 75% of its original habitat is lost. All over the world, 25 terrestrial hotspots have been identified for the conservation of biodiversity. Out of these 15 hotspots have tropical forests, 5 acres and Mediterranean time zones and 9 hotspots are present in the tropics.

Question 51. The concept of ‘hotspots’ was first introduced by

  1. Mayer
  2. Simpson
  3. Myers
  4. David

Answer: 3. Myers

  • The concept of hotspots was introduced by Norman Myers (1988).
  • He wrote a paper on the concept of the hotspot.

Question 52. Hotspots of biodiversity mean

  1. Areas Of The Earth That Contain Many Endemic Species
  2. Species Serves As Proxy For Entire Communities In Particular Area
  3. Species In Particular Niche/Area
  4. Species diversity at a particular area

Answer: 1. Areas Of The Earth That Contain Many Endemic Species

A biodiversity hotspot is a biogeographic region with a significant reservoir of biodiversity that is under threat from humans. To qualify as a biodiversity hotspot on Myers 2000 edition of the hotspot map, a region must meet two strict criteria, it must contain at least 0.5% or 1500 species of vascular plants as endemics, and it has to have lost at least 70% of its primary vegetation. Around the world, 25 areas quality under their definition with nine other possible candidates. These sites support nearly 60% of the world’s plant, bird, mammal, reptile and amphibian species with a very high share of endemic species.

Biodiversity And Conservation Mcqs

Question 53. Western ghats come under the ‘hotspot’ category because of

  1. High Elevation
  2. Tropical Climate
  3. Evergreen Forest
  4. High endemism

Answer: 4. High endemism

Western ghats are the mountain range that runs parallel to the Western coast of the Indian Peninsula. The area has over 7,402 species of flowering plants, 1,814 species of non-flowering plants, 139 mammal species, 508 bird species, 179 amphibian species and many more. Around 325 globally threatened species also occur there. A high degree of endemism exists there. All of these makes Western Ghat as hotspot of biodiversity.

Question 54. Which of the following is not a hotspot?

  1. Eastern Himalaya
  2. Western Himalaya
  3. Western ghats
  4. Indo-Burma region

Answer: 2. Western Himalaya

Out of the 25 hotspots of the world, three are found in India. These are the Western Ghats, Sri Lanka, Indo-Burma and Eastern Himalayas and they extend to the neighbouring countries also. These areas show high degree of endemism and are inhabited by a wide variety of flowering plants, swallow-tailed butterflies, amphibians, reptiles and mammals.

  1. Question 55. Which of the following species are restricted to a specific area?
  2. Sibling species
  3. Allopatric species
  4. Sympatric species
  5. Endemic species

Answer: 4. Endemic species

Endemic species are restricted to a specific area. Other options are explained as Sibling species are species, which do not interbreed but are otherwise difficult to separate on the basis of their morphological character alone. Sympatric speciation occurs when a species of organism becomes two different species inhabiting the same area. Allopatric speciation occurs because of a geographical barrier such as a mountain range.

Question 56. Western ghats have a large number of plant and animal species that are not found anywhere else. Which of the following terms will you use to notify such species?

  1. Endemic
  2. Vulnerable
  3. Threatened
  4. Keystone

Answer: 1. Endemic

Western ghats are the mountain range that runs parallel to the Western coast of the Indian Peninsula. The area has over 7,402 species of flowering plants, 1,814 species of non-flowering plants, 139 mammal species, 508 bird species, 179 amphibian species and many more. Around 325 globally threatened species also occur there. A high degree of endemism exists there. All of these make Western Ghat as hotspot of biodiversity.

Question 57. The number of individuals of a species in a particular ecosystem at a given time remains constant due to

  1. Human Beings
  2. Parasites
  3. Predators
  4. Food availability

Answer: 3. Predators

Predation is a type of interspecific competition. Predators feed on another organism, called as prey. A predator may become the prey of another organism. Predation is a mechanism of biological control, that helps in keeping the population of various organisms under chick. A rise in the predator population will reduce the prey population, which in turn will cause a reduction in the population of predators due to starvation and emigration.

Thus, option 3 is correct.

Question 58. Which of the following estimation is correct for the endemic biodiversity of India?

  1. Flowering plants 10%, mammals 60%, reptiles 33%, amphibians 36% and freshwater fish 53%
  2. Flowering plants 60%, mammals 53%, reptiles 10%, amphibians 33%, and freshwater fish 36%
  3. Flowering plants 36%, mammals 15%, reptiles 53%, amphibians 10% and freshwater fish 33%
  4. Flowering plants 33%, mammals 10%, reptiles 36%, amphibians 60% and freshwater fish 53%

Answer: 4. Flowering plants 33%, mammals 10%, reptiles 36%, amphibians 60% and freshwater fish 53%

33% of flowering plants, 10% of mammals, 36% of reptiles, 60% of amphibians and 53% of freshwater fishes are endemic biodiversity of India.

Question 59. Identify the odd combination of the habitat and the particular animal concerned.

  1. Dachigam National Park – Snow Leopard
  2. Sundarbans – Bengal tiger
  3. Periyar -Elephant
  4. Rann of Kutch – Wildass

Answer: 1. Dachigam National Park – Snow leopard

Option 1 is odd combination of the habitat and the particular animal concerned because. Dachigam national park is situated near Dal Lake in Jammu and Kashmir. It is known for the conservation of the most endangered Hangul or Kashmir stag in paramount. Dachigam national park is one of India’s most scenically beautiful wildlife reserves. It is located only 22 kilometers from Srinagar, the capital city of the Northern state of Jammu and Kashmir. It covers an area of 141 square kilometres.

Question 60. What number of national parks, biosphere and wildlife sanctuaries are present in India?

  1. 158, 62, 10
  2. 58, 412, 522
  3. 96, 412, 10
  4. 105, 18, 544

Answer: 4. 105, 18, 544

India has a total of 105 national parks, 18 biosphere reserves and 544 wildlife sanctuaries as of 2020 as given by the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation.

Question 61. One of the following is associated with the conservation of forests.

  1. Kaziranga
  2. Bharatpur
  3. Silent valley
  4. Gir

Answer: 3. Bharatpur

Silent Valley has been established in 1984 after a national campaign to protect the Peninsula’s last substantial area of primary tropical, 35 sq. miles (90 sq. km) of park hold a valuable reserve of rare plants and herbs.

Question 62. The correct set of sanctuaries located in Bihar and Jharkhand is

  1. Dalma, Kaziranga, Idduki and Chail
  2. Hazaribagh, Nagi Dam, Palamau, Dalma
  3. Bandipur, Cauvery, Dalma, Hazaribagh
  4. Debrigarh, Palamau, Dalma, Mahanadi

Answer: 2. Hazaribagh, Nagi Dam, Palamau, Dalma

Hazaribagh, Nagi Dam, Palamau and Dalma sanctuaries are located in Bihar. Hazaribagh wildlife sanctuary is home to sambar, nilgai, chital, sloth bears and black bears. Nagi Dam Bird Sanctuary is located in Jmaui, Bihar. It was declared a bird sanctuary on 25th Feb 1984. Palamau Tiger Reserve is one of the reserves in Jharkhand. Dalma wildlife sanctuary is located in Jharkhand. The park preserves tiger, elephants, barking deer, etc.

Question 63. A well-known bird sanctuary of our country is situated at

  1. Bandipur
  2. Kaziranga
  3. Palamu
  4. Bharatpur

Answer: 4. Bharatpur

Keoladeo Ghana Bird Sanctuary is located at Bharatpur, Rajasthan. The Bharatpur bird sanctuary is formerly known as Keoladeo National Park. It is a famous avifauna sanctuary that hosts thousands of birds, especially during the winter season.

Question 64. The Periyar sanctuary is located in J&K CET

  1. Kerala
  2. Tamil Nadu
  3. Karnataka
  4. Andhra Pradesh

Answer: 1. Kerala

The Periyar sanctuary is located in Kerala. The protected area encompasses 925 km2 of which 305 km2 of the core zone was declared as the Periyar National Park in 1982. The park is a repository of rare, endemic and endangered flora and fauna and forms the major watershed of two important rivers of Kerala, the Periyar and Pamba.

Question 65. Which of the following is not done in a wildlife sanctuary?

  1. Fauna is conserved
  2. Flora is conserved
  3. Soil and flora is utilised
  4. Hunting is prohibited

Answer: 3. Soil and flora is utilised

A wildlife sanctuary is a facility where animals are brought to live and be protected. The exploitation of soil and flora is a negative aspect of the conservation of wildlife. So, soil and flora is not done in a wildlife sanctuary.

Question 66. Simlipal is

  1. Sanctuary
  2. Biosphere Reserve
  3. National Park
  4. Zoo

Answer: 2. Biosphere Reserve

Simlipal is a biosphere reserve located in Odisha. Simlipal National Park derives its name from the abundance of red silk cotton trees growing in the area. It is the 7th largest national park in India.

Biodiversity And Conservation Mcqs

Question 67. Assertion Bharatpur and Kolleru sanctuaries are very famous. Reason (R) They are associated with migratory birds.

  1. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
  2. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
  3. A is true, but R is false
  4. Both A and R are false

Answer: 1. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A. Bharatpur and Kolleru sanctuaries are very famous as Siberian crane visits them during winters and hence both the sanctuaries are associated with Siberian crane known as migratory birds.

Question 68. Which of the following sanctuaries has been promoted by Punjab Government for ecotourism?

  1. Chat Bir zoo
  2. Sultanpur sanctuary
  3. Bir Moti Bagh sanctuary
  4. Harike lake sanctuary

Answer: 4. Harike lake sanctuary

In 2006, the Ramsar convention declared Harike as a ‘Wetland of International Importance’ which in famous for birds. It is a home for thousands of ducks and many wild animals such as smooth Indian otters, Indian wild boar, etc. The government of Punjab make it a hub of ecotourism in order to create awareness to visitors about the importance of wildlife.

Question 69. Bir Bhunerheri wildlife sanctuary is situated in

  1. Punjab
  2. Haryana
  3. Rajasthan
  4. UP

Answer: 1. Punjab

In Punjab, Bir Bhunerheri wildlife sanctuary is situated. It is a protected area for wildlife. A number of old shi shan and kikar trees are found in the sanctuary area which provide good habitat to wildlife.

Question 70. Which of the following sanctuary/national park is recognised for ‘Project Tiger’?

  1. Dandeli
  2. Periyar
  3. Dachigam
  4. Bandhavgarh wildlife sanctuary

Answer: 4. Bandhavgarh wildlife sanctuary

The project tiger was launched in India in 1972 as a conservation programme for saving the Indian tiger population. Bandhavgarh wildlife sanctuary has a very high density of tiger. It is located in Madhya Pradesh.

Question 71. Kokkarebellur bird sanctuary is located in 

  1. Mandya
  2. Mysore
  3. Chamarajnagar
  4. Hassan

Answer: 1. Mandya

Kokkarebellur is a village in Maddur taluk of Mandya district of Karnataka, India. The main species of birds that nest in Kokkarebellur – the spot-billed pelican and painted stork (Ibis leucocephalus) which are given the conservation status of ‘near threatened category’ in the IUCN red list of 2008.

Question 72. Dudhwa National Park is located in 

  1. Madhya Pradesh
  2. Himachal Pradesh
  3. Arunachal Pradesh
  4. Uttar Pradesh

Answer: 4. Uttar Pradesh

The Dudhwa National Park is a national park in the Terai belt of marshy grasslands of Northern Uttar Pradesh. It is the part of Dudhwa Tiger Reserve in the Kheri and Lakhimpur, districts. Dudhwa National park is a stronghold of the Barasingha. Around half of the world’s barasinghas are present here.

Question 73. Which of the following is the first National Park in India?

  1. Kanha national park
  2. Periyar national park
  3. Corbett national park
  4. Bandipur national park

Answer: 3. Corbett national park

Jim Corbett was the first National Park of India, formerly called Hailey National Park, established in 1935. By 1970, India had only 5 national parks, while today there are 105 existing national parks in India covering an area of 40,501 km2, which is 1.23% of the geographical area of the country.

Question 74. The largest National Park of India is

  1. Corbett National Park, UP
  2. Bandhavgarh National Park, MP
  3. Periyar National Park, Kerala
  4. Sunderbans, WB

Answer: 4. Sunderbans, WB

Sundarbans is the largest tide-dominated delta in the world and the Indian Sundarbans delta covers area of 9630 square kilometres.

Question 75. Identify the correct match between tiger reserve and its state.

  1. Corbett – Madhya Pradesh
  2. Palamau – Odisha
  3. Manas – Assom
  4. Bandipur – Tamil Nadu

Answer: 3. Manas – Assom

Option 3 is the correct match. Rest other options are not correct matches and can be corrected as

  • Corbett – Uttrakhand
  • Palamau – Jharkhand
  • Bandipur – Karnataka

Question 76. Which one of the following is the correctly matched pair of an endangered animal and a national park?

  1. Great Indian bustard – Keoladeo National Park
  2. Lion – Corbett National Park
  3. Rhinoceros – Kaziranga National Park
  4. Wildass – Dudhwa National Park

Answer: 3. Rhinoceros – Kaziranga National Park

Option 3 is correctly matched pair. Other pairs are incorrectly matched and can be corrected as

  • Keoladeo National Park is in Rajasthan for migratory birds.
  • Corbett National Park of Uttarakhand for tigers.
  • Dudhwa National Park of UP again for tigers.

Question 77. If the number of a species increases in any national park, it can be due to 

  1. Intraspecific Competition
  2. Interspecific Competition
  3. Emigration
  4. Mutualism

Answer: 2. Interspecific Competition

If the number of species increases in any national park, it can be due to interspecific competition. It is a type of competition where individuals of different species compete for the same resources in an ecosystem.

Question 78. Incorrect match for wildlife national parks/sanctuaries of India is

  1. Kaziranga national park–Assom
  2. Dachigam Sanctuary–Jammu and Kashmir
  3. Periyar national park–Kerala
  4. Guindy national park–Odisha

Answer: 4. Guindy national park–Odisha

Option 4 is an incorrectly matched pair and can be corrected as Guindy National Park is a protected area of Tamil Nadu, located in Chennai, and one of the very few national parks situated inside a city. The park has a role in both ex-situ and in-situ conservation and is home to 400 black bucks, 2000 spotted deer and 24 jackals, etc. Rest options are correctly matched pairs.

Question 79. Kanha National Park is located in ………… and is famous for …………..

  1. Madhya Pradesh, elephant
  2. Madhya Pradesh, tiger
  3. Odisha, tiger
  4. Assom, elephant

Answer: 2. Madhya Pradesh, tiger

Kanha National Park was established in Madhya Pradesh in 1974 under Project Tiger. The park hosts Bengal tiger, Indian leopard, sloth bear, Barasingha. It is also the first tiger reserve in India to officially introduce a mascot, Bhoorsingh the Barasingha.

Question 80. Which of the following is true for national parks? 

  1. Tourism is allowed in the buffer zone
  2. No human activity is allowed
  3. Hunting allowed in the core zone
  4. Cattle grazing is allowed in the buffer zone

Answer: 2. No human activity is allowed

National parks are maintained by the government and are reserved areas for the betterment of wildlife. Human activity, cultivation, grazing, forestry and habitat manipulation are prohibited

Question 81. Rajaji National Park is situated in 

  1. Tamil Nadu
  2. Karnataka
  3. Uttarakhand
  4. UP

Answer: 3. Uttarakhand

Rajaji National Park is spread over the Pauri Garhwal, Dehradun and Saharanpur districts of Uttarakhand. Rajaji is home to avian species which are found in forested foothills and in open grassland.

Question 82. Management of the national park is controlled by 

  1. State government
  2. Central government
  3. United Nations
  4. Non-government organisations

Answer: 2. Central government

The Wildlife Protection Act, of 1972 is a central government act that permits the state governments to manage the national park. Hence, the management of the national park is controlled by the central government.

Question 83. Which of the following national parks is home to the famous musk deer or hangul?

  1. Keibul Lamjao national park, Manipur
  2. Bandhavgarh national park, Madhya Pradesh
  3. Eagle nest wildlife sanctuary, Arunachal Pradesh
  4. Dachigam national park, Jammu and Kashmir

Answer: 1. Keibul Lamjao national park, Manipur

Eagle nest or Eagle’s nest wildlife sanctuary is famous for its birds and tiger Dachigam National Park, Jammu and Kashmir is famous for hangul, Kashmir stag. Keibul Lamjao National Park, Manipur is famous for brow-antlered deer and the flagship species of Bandhavgarh National Park, Madhya Pradesh is Bengal Tiger.

Thus, the correct answer is option 1.

Question 84. Which is preserved in a national park?

  1. Flora
  2. Fauna
  3. Both 1 and 2
  4. None of these

Answer: 3. Both 1 and 2

National parks are areas maintained by the Government and reserved for the betterment of wildlife. Both flora and fauna are preserved in a national park.

Thus, option 3 is correct.

Question 85. The Ranthambore national park is located in 

  1. Maharashtra
  2. Uttar Pradesh
  3. Gujarat
  4. Rajasthan

Answer: 4. Rajasthan

Ranthambore national park is a vast wildlife reserve near the town of Sawai Madhopur in Rajasthan. It is bounded to the North by the Banas River and to the South by the Chambal River. It was declared one of the Project Tiger Reserves in 1973.

Thus, option 3 is correct.

Question 86. The number of national parks included in the tiger project in 1972 were

  1. 17
  2. 13
  3. 10
  4. 18

Answer: 1. 17

In 1972-73, tiger projects were in 17 national parks and now to date, there are 50 tiger projects in a 71027.10 sq. km. area with about 2,967 tigers surviving.

Question 87. Match the following columns.

NEET Biology Biodiversity Conservation Match the columns Q87

Answer: 4. A–3, B–5, C–1, D–2

Question 88. Tiger is not a resident in which one of the following national parks?

  1. Sundarbans
  2. Gir
  3. Jim Corbett
  4. Ranthambhore

Answer: 2. Gir

Tiger is not resident in Gir national park. Gir has a large population of marsh crocodiles or muggers, which is among the 40 species of reptiles and amphibians recorded in the sanctuary. According to official census figures, Gir has about 300 lions and 300 leopards, making it one of the major big-cat concentrations in India. Sunderban, Ranthambhore and Jim Corbett are the habitats of tiger.

Question 89. The total biosphere reserves in the world are

  1. 408
  2. 714
  3. 808
  4. 1000

Answer: 2. 714

Biosphere reserve is an international designation by the United Nationals Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) for representative parts of natural and cultural landscapes extending over large areas of terrestrial or coastal/marine ecosystems or a combination of both. There are currently 714 biosphere reserves in 129 countries, including 21 transboundary sites that belong to the world network of biosphere reserves.

Question 90. Core zone, buffer zone and manipulation zone are found in

  1. National Park
  2. Sanctuary
  3. Tiger Reserve
  4. Biosphere reserve

Answer: 4. Biosphere reserve

Core zone, buffer zone and manipulation zone are found in the biosphere reserve, these are important areas where the habitat and natural resources are strictly protected by the forest department.

Question 91. The first biosphere reserve established in India for conserving the gene pool of the flora and fauna and the lifestyle of the tribals is Kerala CEE

  1. Nilgiri biosphere reserve
  2. Nanda Devi biosphere reserve
  3. Uttarakhand biosphere reserve
  4. Great Nicobar Biosphere reserve
  5. Thar biosphere reserve

Answer: 1. Nilgiri Biosphere reserve

Nilgiri biosphere Reserve in Kerala, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu was established in the year 1986. This is the first biosphere reserve established in India for conserving the gene pool of the flora and fauna. It has the largest population of two endangered species, the lion-tailed macaque and Nilgiri tahr. Some of the plants are entirely restricted to the Nilgiri.

Question 92. Biosphere reserves differ from national parks and wildlife sanctuaries because in the former 

  1. Human Beings Are Not Allowed To Enter
  2. People Are An Integral Part Of The Ecosystem
  3. Plants Are Paid Greater Attention Than The Animals
  4. Living organisms are brought from all over the world and preserved for posterity

Answer: 2. People Are An Integral Part Of The Ecosystem

A biosphere reserve is a specific protected area of land or coastal environment where all the lite forms are conserved including plants, animals, microbes and humans. So, people are an integral component of this system.

Question 93. The region of biosphere reserve which is legally protected and where no human activity is allowed is known as 

  1. Core zone
  2. Buffer zone
  3. Transition zone
  4. Restoration zone

Answer: 1. Core zone

  • The biosphere reserve is a protected area with multipurpose activities.
  • It has three zones
  • Core zone – No human interference allowed
  • Buffer zone – Limited human activity such as research, and conservation activities allowed

Question 94. MAB stands for WB JEE

  1. Man and Biology Programme
  2. Man and Biosphere Programme
  3. Mammals and Biosphere Programme
  4. Mammals and Biology Programme

Answer: 2. Man and Biosphere Programme

Man and Biosphere Programme (MAB) is an intergovernmental scientific programme, launched in 1971 by UNESCO. It aims to establish a scientific basis for the improvement of relationships between people and their environments.

Question 95. Which of the following is a biosphere reserve?

  1. Thekady
  2. Nilgiris
  3. Dandeli
  4. Agumbe

Answer: 2. Nilgiris

Nilgiri biosphere Reserve in Kerala, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu was established in the year 1986. This is the first biosphere reserve established in India for conserving the gene pool of the flora and fauna. It has the largest population of two endangered species, the lion-tailed macaque and Nilgiri tahr. Some of the plants are entirely restricted to the Nilgiri.

Question 96. Sacred Forests Are Those Which Are

  1. Sacred To People
  2. Protected By Tribal Communities Having Faith In Them
  3. Protected by people for their resources
  4. None of the above

Answer: 2. Protected By Tribal Communities Having Faith In Them

Sacred groves of India are forest fragments of varying sizes, which are communally protected and which usually have a significant religious connotation for the protecting community. Hunting and logging are strictly prohibited within these patches.

Question 97. Oran is a 

  1. Sacred Grove
  2. Sacred Landscape
  3. Sacred Animal
  4. Endangered animal

Answer: 1. Sacred Grove

The sacred grove or oran is located at Mukan village of Bikaner district, which is spread over 290 hectares. It is being looked after by the Akhil Bhartiya Bishnoi Mahasabha. It is dedicated to Mehandipur BalajThese are rich in biogenetic diversity and are a refuge for wildlife.

Question 98. Khecheopalri Lake is a

  1. Sacred Lake
  2. National Park
  3. Wildlife Sanctuary
  4. Biosphere reserve

Answer: 1. Sacred Lake

Khecheopalri Lake is a sacred pilgrimage site, considered holy by both Buddhists and Hindus. According to Buddhist beliefs, the lake is believed to have been secreted by the goddess Tara who is said to be blessed by Rinpoche.

Question 99. Sacred groves are especially useful in 

  1. Preventing Soil Erosion
  2. Year-Round Flow Of Water In Rivers
  3. Generating Environmental Awareness
  4. Conserving rare and threatened species

Answer: 4. Conserving rare and threatened species

An area with particular types of trees dedicated to local deities or ancestral spirits that are protected by local communities through social traditions and taboos incorporating spiritual and ecological values are called as sacred groves. Sacred groves act as an ideal centre for biodiversity conservation. Several plants and animals that are threatened in the forest are still well-conserved in some of the sacred groves

Question 100. The government-sponsored programme for growing trees in towns and cities for aesthetic value is called 

  1. Floriculture
  2. Agroforestry
  3. Social Forestry
  4. Urban Forestry

Answer: 4. Urban forestry

Urban forestry is the plantation of fruit, flower and shade-bearing plants in urban areas for aesthetic values and to reduce pollution.

Question 101. Which of the following is not an ex-situ conservation?

  1. Cryopreservation
  2. Seed bank
  3. Biosphere reserves
  4. Botanical garden

Answer: 3. Biosphere reserves

Ex-situ conservation is the conservation of selected rare plants/animals in places outside their natural homes. Ex situ conservation includes offsite collections (like botanical gardens, zoological parks, etc.), seed banks, tissue culture, cryopreservation, etc.

Question 102. All of the following are included in ‘ex-situ conservation’ except

  1. Wildlife Safari Parks Neet
  2. Seed Banks
  3. Botanical Gardens
  4. Sacred groves

Answer: 4. Sacred groves

Ex-situ conservation is the conservation of selected rare plants/animals in places outside their natural homes. Ex situ conservation includes offsite collections (like botanical gardens, zoological parks, etc.), seed banks, tissue culture, cryopreservation, etc.

Question 103. Which one of the following is related to the ex-situ conservation of threatened animals and plants?

  1. Wildlife safari parks
  2. Biodiversity hotspots
  3. Amazon rainforest
  4. Himalayan region

Answer: 1. Wildlife safari parks

Ex-situ conservation is the method of bringing out endangered species and protecting them in artificial habitats. Wildlife Safari Park is an example to protect threatened animals and plants in artificial environments. The rest of the options are in situ conservation.

Question 104. Endangered or threatened animals are protected from extinction by ex-situ conservation in

  1. Wildlife Sanctuary
  2. Biosphere Reserves
  3. National Parks
  4. Zoological parks

Answer: 4. Zoological parks

The regular zoo movement in India, began in the year 1855 when the first zoo was set up in Chennai zoological parks, animals enjoy protection. They have now become repositories of threatened wildlife and a storehouse of knowledge on animal behaviour, breeding habits, etc. Zoological Park is the place where they are assured of food, medical care and treatment and where they also feel safe from their natural enemies.

Question 105. Which organism can be conserved by the ex-situ conservation method?

  1. Only animals
  2. Only plants
  3. Threatened animals and plants
  4. None of the above

Answer: 3. Threatened animals and plants

Ex situ strategy is the conservation of selected threatened plants and animal species.

Question 106. Modern ex-situ conservation methods is/are

  1. In Vitro Fertilisation
  2. Cryopreservation
  3. Tissue culture
  4. All of the above

Answer: 4. All of the above

In recent years, ex-situ conservation has advanced beyond keeping threatened species in enclosures. Now, gametes of the threatened species can be preserved in viable and fertile condition for long periods using cryopreservation techniques. Eggs can be fertilised in vitro and plants can be propagated using tissue culture methods.

Thus, option 4 is correct.

Question 107. An example of ex situ conservation some as 

  1. National Park
  2. Seed Bank
  3. Wildlife Sanctuary
  4. Sacred grove

Answer: 2. Seed Bank

The seed bank is an example of ex-situ conservation. It is the most efficient method to conserve sexually reproducing plants. Currently only relatives of wheat (60 spp), potato (40 spp), tomato (10 spp) and to a limited extent, maize (15 spp) have been extensively collected and preserved in seed banks.

Question 108. One of the ex-situ conservation methods for endangered species is

  1. Wildlife Sanctuaries Aiims
  2. Biosphere Reserves
  3. Cryopreservation
  4. National parks

Answer: 3. Cryopreservation

Cryopreservation is the ex-situ conservation method for endangered species. It is preserved at – 196°C (liquid nitrogen), can maintain tissue culture, embryos, animal cells/ tissues, and spermatozoa indefinitely. The cryopreserved material is revived through special techniques when required. Whereas, wildlife sanctuaries, biosphere reserves and national parks are examples of in situ conservation.

Question 109. Pollen grains can be stored for several years in liquid nitrogen having a temperature of 

  1. –120°C
  2. –160°C
  3. –196°C
  4. –80°C

Answer: 3. –196°C

Pollen grains can be stored for several years in liquid nitrogen at – 196ºC (cryopreservation).

Question 110. One of the most important functions of botanical gardens is that 

  1. They Provide A Beautiful Area For Recreation
  2. One Can Observe Tropical Plants There
  3. They Allow Ex Situ Conservation Of Germplasm
  4. They provide the natural habitat for wildlife

Answer: 3. They Allow Ex Situ Conservation Of Germplasm

The botanical garden is one of the methods of ex-situ conservation. It allows ex-situ conservation of germplasm. Botanic gardens manage at least 105, 634 species, equating to 30% of all plant species diversity and conserving over 41% of known threatened species.

Question 111. The first white tiger safari in the world is in

  1. Nagarjuna Sagar – AP
  2. Kalkad Mundanthurai – Tamil Nadu
  3. Periyar – Kerala
  4. Mukundpur – Madhya Pradesh

Answer: 4. Mukundpur – Madhya Pradesh

The world’s first white tiger safari is at Mukundpur near Rewa in MP. The safari houses three white tigers, including two females named, Vindhya and Radha and one male named, Raghu. The first white tiger in Madhya Pradesh was spotted in the Vindhya region in 1915.

Question 112. Nandankanan Zoo is known for the

  1. Hippopotamus
  2. Nilgiri tahr
  3. White tiger
  4. Golden langur

Answer: 3. White tiger

Nandankanan (Odisha) is the first zoo in the world to breed white tigers and Melanistic tigers. Three white tigers were born in the Nandankanan Zoo in Odisha, in 1980.

Question 113. What is the most effective way to conserve plant diversity in an area?

  1. Tissue culture
  2. Botanical garden
  3. Biosphere reserve
  4. Seed banks

Answer: 3. Biosphere reserve

The biosphere reserve is the most effective way to conserve the plant diversity of an area. Because the plants are conserved in their natural habitat.

Question 114. A collection of plants and seeds having diverse alleles of all the genes of a crop is called 

  1. Herbarium
  2. Germplasm
  3. Gene Library
  4. Genome

Answer: 3. Gene Library

Gene library contains DNA fragments representing the entire genome of an organism. So, the collection of alleles of the genes of a crop is called gene library.

Question 115. What will happen if, the Bengal Tiger becomes extinct?

  1. Hyenas and wolves will become scarce
  2. The wild areas will be safe for man and domestic animals
  3. Its gene pool will be lost forever
  4. The populations of beautiful animals like deer will get stabilised

Answer: 3. Its gene pool will be lost forever

If the Bengal tiger becomes extinct. Its gene pool will be lost forever.

Question 116. An institution where valuable plant material likely to become irretrievably lost in the wild or in cultivation is preserved in a viable condition is known as CBSE AIPMT

  1. Genome
  2. Herbarium
  3. Gene Library
  4. Gene bank

Answer: 4. Gene bank

An institution where valuable plant material likely to become irretrievably lost in the wild or in cultivation is preserved in a viable condition is known as a gene bank. Gene banks are a type of biorepository that preserves genetic material.

Question 117. Germplasm conservation at liquid N2 temperature is Odisha

  1. Stratification
  2. Cryopreservation
  3. Scarification
  4. None of these

Answer: 2. Cryopreservation

Question 118. In the following in each set a conservation approach and an example of a method of conservation are given.

  1. In situ conservation– Biosphere reserve
  2. Ex-situ conservation– Sacred groves
  3. In situ conservation– Seed bank
  4. Ex-situ conservation– Cryopreservation

Select the option with a correct match of approach and method.

  1. 1 and 2
  2. 1 and 4
  3. 2 and 4
  4. 1 and 3

Answer: 2. 1 and 4

Option 2 is the correct match of approach and method. Other options are incorrect and corrected as In situ conservation – Sacred groves Ex situ conservation – Seed bank

Question 119. Given below is a list of areas that are entrusted for the protection of species whether endangered or not.

  1. Khangchendzonga
  2. Great Nicobar
  3. Bhadra
  4. National Seed Corporation
  5. National bureau of animal genetic resources

Choose the option with the correct set of descriptions matching the above order.

  1. 1–National park, 4–Seed bank, 5–Gene bank
  2. 2–Biological hotspot, 3–Wildlife sanctuary, 5–Zoo
  3. 3–Wildlife sanctuary, 4–Botanical park, 5–Seed bank
  4. 1–Marine wildlife sanctuary, 3–Snake park, 5–Gene bank

Answer: 1. 1–National park, 5–Seed bank, 5–Gene bank

The correct match is:

  • Khangchendzonga – National park
  • Great Nicobar – Biosphere reserve
  • Bhadra – Wildlife sanctuary
  • National Seed Corporation – Seed bank
  • National Bureau of animal genetic resources – Gene bank for various indigenous animal species

Question 120. When is the biodiversity day celebrated?

  1. 5th June
  2. 1st July
  3. 22nd May
  4. 8th March

Answer: 3. 1st July

The United Nations has proclaimed ‘May 22’ as the International Day for Biological (IDB) diversity to increase understanding and awareness of biodiversity issues.

Question 121. World Summit on Sustainable Development (2002) was held in 

  1. Argentina
  2. South Africa
  3. Brazil
  4. Sweden

Answer: 2. South Africa

Conservation of biodiversity is a collective responsibility of all nations. The historic Convention on Biological Diversity (The Earth Summit) held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992, called upon all nations to take appropriate measures for the conservation of biodiversity and sustainable utilisation of its benefits. The country which hosted the first World Earth summit on the conservation of the environment is Brazil. So, the world summit on sustainable development (2002) was held in South Africa. 190 countries pledged to reduce the rate of biodiversity loss by 2010 in 2002 in Johannesburg South Africa.

Question 122. The World Environment Day is celebrated on

  1. 6th June
  2. 5th June
  3. 6th August
  4. 5th May

Answer: 2. 5th June

Every year World Environment Day is celebrated on 5th June to spread awareness, to encourage people to take action and to protect the environment.

Question 123. India became a party to ‘Convention on Biological diversity’ in the year

  1. 1994
  2. 1993
  3. 1992
  4. 1998

Answer: 1. 1994

The ratification of the Convention on Biological Diversity in February 1994 by India was a formal recognition of the principles offered by the convention for forging closer international cooperation in the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity.

Question 124. Identify the incorrect objective of the convention on biodiversity.

  1. Sustainable use of biodiversity
  2. Conservation of biodiversity
  3. Selective hunting of dangerous and threatening species
  4. Fair and equitable sharing of profits arising out of the genetic resources

Answer: 1. Sustainable use of biodiversity

  • Option 3 is incorrect objective of convention of biodiversity. Earth Summit promoted Convention on Biological Diversity. The main objectives of convention of biodiversity were
  • Adaptation of ways and means to conserve biodiversity.
  • Managing biodiversity for sustainable use.
  • Ensuring equitable sharing of the benefits from biological diversity including utilisation of genetic resources. Agenda 21, a product of Earth Summit, is a blue print for encouraging sustainable development of diversity through social, economic and environmental measures in the 21st century.
  • Thus, option 4 is an incorrect objective on biodiversity.

Question 125. How many countries pledged to reduce rate of biodiversity loss by 2010 in 2002 in Johannesburg, South Africa?

  1. 180
  2. 200
  3. 190
  4. 210

Answer: 3. 190

Question 126. The country which hosted the first World Earth Summit on the conservation of the environment is 

  1. India
  2. Brazil
  3. Peru
  4. Spain

Answer: Peru

Question 127. World Wildlife Week is 

  1. First Week Of September
  2. First Week Of October
  3. Third Week Of October
  4. Last week of October

Answer: 2. First Week Of October

World Wildlife Week is celebrated on first week of October. It aims to protect and preserve the flora and fauna. The first wildlife week was observed in 1957.

Question 128. The programme introduced by UNESCO to maintain our environment and to make wildlife conservation strategies is

  1. The World Wildlife Fund
  2. International Biological Programme
  3. Man and Biosphere Programme
  4. None of the above

Answer: 3. Man and Biosphere Programme

MAB or Man and Biosphere Programme, was launched by UNESCO in 1975. There are 14 projects under this programme, which focus on research and training with emphasis on ecological approach to study the inter-relationship between man and the environment.

Question 129. The Earth Summit held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992 was called 

  1. To Reduce CO2 Emissions And Global Warming
  2. For Conservation Of Biodiversity And Sustainable Utilisation Of Its Benefits
  3. To Assess Threat Posed To Native Species By Invasive Weed Species
  4. For immediate steps to discontinue use of CFCs that were damaging the ozone layer

Answer: 2. For the conservation of biodiversity and sustainable utilisation of its benefits

Earth Summit (Rio Summit)- 1992, called upon all nations to take appropriate measures for conservation of biodiversity and sustainable utilisation of its benefits.

Question 130. The Biodiversity Act of India was passed by the parliament in the year 

  1. 1992
  2. 1996
  3. 2000
  4. 2002

Answer: 4. 2002

The Biodiversity Act of India was passed by the parliament in the year 2002. The Biodiversity Act of India is concerned with the conservation of biological diversity, sustainable use of its components and equitable sharing of the benefits arising out of the use of biological resources. It was passed in 2002. This act of parliament received the assent of President of India on the 5th February 2003.

Question 131. A historic convention on the biological diversity held in Rio de Janerio in 1992 is known as 

  1. The Earth Summit
  2. Montreal Protocol
  3. Geneva Convention
  4. Janerio Convention

Answer: 1. The Earth Summit

The United Nations Conference on environment and Development is also known as the Rio Summit and Earth Summit. This was a major United Nations Conference held in Rio de Janeiro from June 3-14, in 1992.

Question 132. UNESCO under the programme MAB launched the concept of biosphere in

  1. 1971
  2. 1981
  3. 1975
  4. 1986

Answer: 3. 1975

Question 133. The Wildlife (Protection) Act 1972 was first amended in 

  1. 1991
  2. 1995
  3. 2001
  4. 2007

Answer: 1. 1991

The Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 has been amended from time to time in order to orient it towards impending changes in the whole scenario. The first amendment was made in 1986 followed by the major changes in the year 1991. This has been again amended (and signed) in January 2003 and punishment and penalty for offences under the Act have been made more stringent.

Question 134. The Environment Protection Act was passed in 

  1. 1968
  2. 1974
  3. 1981
  4. 1986

Answer: 4. 1986

In the wake of the Bhopal Tragedy, the Government of India enacted the Environment Protection Act in 1986 under Article 253 of the Constitution. It has 26 sections and 4 chapters. The purpose of the Act is to implement the decisions of the United Nations conference on the human Environment.

Leave a Comment