NEET Biology DNA Fingerprinting Multiple Choice Question And Answers

by

 DNA Fingerprinting

Question 1. The technique of dna fingerprinting was initially developed by

  1. Lalji Singh
  2. Alec Jeffreys
  3. Frederick sanger
  4. Jacob and Monod

Answer: 2. Alec Jeffreys

Dr. Alec Jeffrey developed the techniques of DNA fingerprinting and he is the father of DNA fingerprinting. Dr. Lalji Singh is the father of Indian DNA fingerprinting.

Read And Learn More: NEET Biology Multiple Choice Question And Answers

Question 2. The percentage of similarity between the nucleotides of two individuals is

  1. 98%
  2. 99%
  3. 99.9%
  4. 99.8%

Answer: 3. 99.9%

99.9% of nucleotide bases are exactly the same in all people.

“molecular basis of inheritance “

Question 3. For dna fingerprinting, dna is obtained from

  1. White blood corpuscles
  2. Hair root cells
  3. Body secretion
  4. All of the above

Answer: 4. All of the above

The first step in the procedure for creating a DNA fingerprint involves obtaining a sample of cells, such as blood, semen, saliva, skin, urine, or hair, which contain DNA. The DNA is extracted from the cells and purified.

Dna Fingerprinting Mcq

NEET Biology DNA Fingerprinting Multiple Choice Question And Answers

NEET Biology DNA Fingerprinting MCQs with Answers

Question 4. During dna fingerprinting, dna fragments are separated by

  1. Electrophoresis
  2. Peg
  3. Liposome
  4. Polymerases

Answer: 1. Electrophoresis

Gel electrophoresis is a technique used to separate dna fragments according to their size. Dna samples are loaded into wells (indentations) at one end of a gel and an electric current is applied to pull them through the gel.

Dna fragments are negatively charged, so they move toward the positive electrode.

Question 5. Dna fingerprinting involves identifying the differences in some specific regions in dna sequence called

  1. Non-repetitive dna
  2. Coding dna
  3. Non-coding dna
  4. Repetitive dna

Answer: 4. Repetitive dna

Dna fingerprinting involves identifying differences in repetitive dna because, in these sequences, a small stretch of dna is repeated
many times. These sequences do not code for any proteins but form a large portion of the human genome..

“molecular biology mcq “

Question 6. The bulk of dna (other than repetitive) forms major peaks during density gradient centrifugation. The other small peaks are referred to as

  1. Satellite dna
  2. Non-satellite dna
  3. Exonic dna
  4. Intronic dna

Answer: 1. Satellite dna

The basis of dna fingerprinting involves identifying the differences in some specific regions in dna called repetitive dna.

These repetitive dna are separated from the bulk genomic dna as different peaks during density gradient centrifugation. The bulk dna forms the major peak and other small peaks are referred to as satellite dna

Question 7. Satellite dna or repetitive dna

  1. Do not code for any protein
  2. Form a large portion of the human genome
  3. Shows a high degree of polymorphism
  4. All of the above

Answer: 4. All of the above

Satellite dna or repetitive dna does not code for any protein. They form the major part of dna or the human genome.

These sequences show a high degree of polymorphism (variation at the genetic level due to mutation) and thus, form the basis of dna fingerprinting.

Dna Fingerprinting Mcq

Question 8. The short repeating sequences of dna useful in dna fingerprinting are

  1. Vntrs
  2. Codons
  3. Introns
  4. Exons

Answer: 1. Vntrs are short, repeated sequences of nucleotides ranging between 20-100 base pairs.

They provide the scientific marker of identity known as dna fingerprint.

Question 9. Vntr belongs to the class of satellite dna referred to a

  1. Microsatellite dna
  2. Minisatellite dna
  3. Megasatellite dna
  4. Repetitive dna

Answer: 2. Minisatellite dna

Vntr is referred to as minisatellite dna (15-400 bp average about 20). It repeats generally 20-50 times.

Important MCQs on DNA Fingerprinting for NEET

Question 10. Vntrs are the key factor in dna profiling because

  1. The length of the regions having voters is different for each individual
  2. The length of the regions having voters is the same in each individual
  3. They have nucleotide
  4. Short pieces of nucleotides are the same in all persons

Answer: 1. The length of the regions having voters is different in each individual

Vntrs are key factors in dna profiling because their length differs in each individual. These include satellite dna, minisatellites, or microsatellites.

Dna Fingerprinting Mcq

Question 11. Tandem repeat dna

  1. Is classified as microsatellites and minisatellites.
  2. Normally does not code for any protein.
  3. Shows polymorphism.
  4. Is used in fingerprinting.

Choose the correct option.

  1. 1 And 3
  2. 1, 2 And 3
  3. 1, 3 And 4
  4. 1, 2, 3 And 4

Answer: 4. 1, 2, 3 And 4

Tandem repeats dna is the repetitive dna used for dna fingerprinting. These do not code for any protein.

It is highly repetitive and shows polymorphism. It is further classified into multiple copy genes, minisatellites, and microsatellites dna.

“rna polymerase diagram “

Question 12. RFLP analysis is a technique that

  1. Uses hybridization to detect specific dna restriction fragments in the genomic dna
  2. Is used to determine whether a gene is transcribed in specific cells or not
  3. Measures the transfer frequency of the genes during conjugation
  4. Is used to detect genetic variations at the protein level

Answer: 1. Uses hybridization to detect specific dna restriction fragments in the genomic dna

RFLPs (restricted fragment length polymorphisms) are used to detect the specific dna fragments in the genomic dna through hybridization techniques.

They are frequently used in dna fingerprinting

Biology MCQs with answers for NEET

Question 13. When the number of genes increases in response to some signal, the effect is called

  1. Gene dosage
  2. Gene pool
  3. Gene amplification
  4. Gene frequency

Answer: 3. Gene amplification

Gene amplification is an increase in the number of copies of a gene without a proportional increase in other genes.

This can result from duplication of a region of dna that contains a gene through errors in dna replication and repair machinery.

Role of VNTRs in DNA Fingerprinting MCQs for NEET

Question 14. The process used for the amplification or multiplication of dna during fingerprinting is

  1. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
  2. Nesslerisation
  3. Southern blotting
  4. Northern blotting

Answer: 1. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)

Pcr is the technique in which several copies of dna are made synthetically (in vitro). It is used in fingerprinting and extensively in genetic engineering.

Biology MCQ For NEET With Answers

Question 15. Southern blotting technique .involves the transfer of dna from

  1. Gel to membrane
  2. Membrane to gel
  3. Solution to gel
  4. Gel to gel

Answer: 1. Gel to membrane

During dna extraction, the dna is transferred from the electrophoresis plate to the nitrocellulose or nylon membrane sheet. This is called Southern blotting.

“questions about dna “

Question 16. Which of the following statement is incorrect?

  1. Southern blotting is useful in determining certain genetic defects
  2. Southern blotting is used to generate dna fingerprints
  3. Dna fingerprints of any two individuals may be similar
  4. Dna fingerprint is a person-specific southern blot

Answer: 3. Dna fingerprints of any two individuals may be similar

The statement in option 3 is incorrect and can be corrected as dna fingerprinting is a highly specific process with very little
chances of error.

The chances of two people having the same identical fingerprint are about one in one billion. This chance of having the same genetic fingerprint can be decreased by using a larger number of probes in the test.

Question 17. During dna fingerprinting, the radioactive probes

  1. Hybridize with dna sample and form a double-stranded structure
  2. Degrade the dna
  3. Create a positive charge on dna
  4. Produce cut-in dna samples at various site

Answer: 1. Hybridize with dna sample and form a double-stranded structure

In dna fingerprinting, dna probes are hybridized with dna samples and form a double-stranded structure.

Thus, these single-stranded dna fragments are used to detect the presence of complementary nucleic acid sequences by hybridization.

Principle and Steps of DNA Fingerprinting MCQs for NEET

Question 18. Dna probes used in fingerprinting are

  1. Highly sensitive electron microscope
  2. Uv beams
  3. Dna segments having radioactive isotopes
  4. X-ray scanners

Answer: 3. Highly sensitive electron microscope

Dna probes are fragments of dna that are radioactively or fluorescently labeled.

These are used in dna samples to detect the presence of nucleotide substances that are complementary to the sequence in the probe.

NEET Biology Mcq

Question 19. Dna sample hybridized with dna probe when kept in contact with x-ray film results into

  1. Photographic image of radioactive probe
  2. Photographic image of dna bands due to radioactive probe
  3. Photographic image of nylon membrane
  4. Both 1 and 2

Answer: 2. Photographic image of dna bands due to radioactive probe

The dna bands due to the radioactive probes give a photographic image on x-ray film for documentation.

Question 20. The basis for dna fingerprinting is

  1. Occurrence of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP)
  2. Phenotypic differences between individuals
  3. Availability of cloned dna
  4. Knowledge of human karyotype

Answer: 1. Occurrence of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP)

Dna fingerprinting is a technique to identify a person on the basis of his
dna which is specific for every individual.

“which one of the following is not applicable to rna “

The dna of an individual carries specific sequences of nucleotides which are repeated many times throughout the length of dna. This reveals polymorphism in dna.

These are inherited. Each individual inherits these repeats from his/her parents which are used as genetic markers in dna fingerprinting. So, the basis for dna fingerprinting is RFLP.

Question 21. Assertion dna fingerprinting is applied in paternity testing in case of disputes.

  1. Reason (r) employs the principle of polymorphism in dna sequences as the polymorphisms are inheritable from parent to child.
  2. Both a and r are true and r is the correct explanation of a
  3. Both a and r are true, but r is not the correct explanation of a
  4. A is true, but r is false
  5. Both a and r are false

Answer: 1. Both a and r are true and r is the correct explanation of a

Dna fingerprinting is a technique to identify a person on the basis of his dna which is specific to every individual.

The dna of an individual carries specific sequences of nucleotides which are repeated many times throughout the length of dna.

This reveals polymorphism in dna. These are inherited. Each individual inherits these repeats from his/her parents which are used as genetic markers in dna fingerprinting. So, the basis for dna fingerprinting is RFLP.

DNA Fingerprinting and Its Uses in Forensic Science MCQs for NEET

Question 22. Applications of dna fingerprinting involve

  1. Phylogenetic studies
  2. Determination of population and genetic diversities
  3. Forensic analysis
  4. All of the above

Answer: 4. All of the above

Applications of dna fingerprinting include The most common uses for dna fingerprinting include forensics.

Dna fingerprinting can be accomplished with a very small quantity of dna and is a surefire way to ‘detect’ a culprit in a crime. Dna fingerprinting can be used to identify genetically modified plants or plants that are likely to have therapeutic value.

It also can be used for phylogenetic studies and to prove pedigree in valuable animals such as racehorses.

Leave a Comment