NEET Biology Evolution Multiple Choice Question and Answers

 Evolution Miscellaneous Multiple Choice Question and Answers

Question 1. Consider the following statements.

1. The essence of Darwinian Theory about evolution can be seen in the phenomenon of natural selection.
2. The rate of appearance of new forms is not linked to evolution.
3. Adaptive ability is a complete evolution.
4. Mutations are random and directionless.

Choose the option containing incorrect statements.

1. 1 and 2
2. 2 and 3
3. 1 and 3
4. None of them

Answer: 2. 2 and 3

Statements 2 and 3 are incorrect and can be corrected as Evolution is always considered as the appearance of a new character, permanently.

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The genes of the new characters should also be transmitted to the offspring otherwise the changes are lost.

Adaptive ability cannot be considered evolution because this ability may be temporary due to environmental changes. Rest all statements are correct.

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Question 2. Which type of homology exists between arm and leg of man and horse?

1. Phylogenetic
2. Sexual
3. Serial
4. None of the above

Answer: 1. Phylogenetic

The arm and legs of man and horse are examples of homologous organs.

A homologous structure is an example of an organ or bone that appears in different animals, underlining anatomical commonalities demonstrating descent from a common ancestor.

So, we can say there is a phylogenetic relationship between man and horse.

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Question 3. Match the following columns.

Answer: 1. 1–2, 2–3, 3–4, 4–1

Question 4. Read the following statements and choose the correct answer from the codes given below.

1. The outcome of the evolutionary process is the adaptation of an organism to its environment.
2. Evolution is the property of the population and not of individuals.
3. Natural selection is the evolutionary force.
4. According to Weismann the changes occurring both in germplasm and somatoplasm are heritable and play an important role in evolution.

Choose the correct option.

1. 1 and 2 are correct
2. 1, 2, and 3 are correct
3. 2, 3, and 4 are correct
4. All statements are correct

Answer: 2. 1, 2, and 3 are correct

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All statements are correct except 4. The incorrect statement can be corrected as August Weismann (1834-1914) was a neo-Darwinian biologist who proposed the germplasm theory in his book Das Keimplasma.

This theory is based on the concept that living bodies are formed of two fundamentally different kinds of material, i.e. the germplasm (protoplasm of germ cells such as sperms and ova) and the somatoplasm (protoplasm of somatic or body cells).

The germplasm is responsible for the development of reproductive parts and remains in the organism, sealed and secluded from the somatoplasm which develops out of the germplasm.

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Question 5. Match the following columns.

Answer: 1. 1–1, 2–4, 3–3, 4–2

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Question 6. Match the following columns.

Answer: 1. 1–4, 2–1, 3–2, 4–3, 5–5

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Question 7. Read the following statements.

1. The increase in melanized moths after industrialization in Great Britain is proof of natural selection.
2. When more individuals in a population acquire a mean character value, it is called disruption.
3. Changes in allelic frequency in a population will lead to HardyWeinberg equilibrium.
4. Genetic drift changes the existing gene or allelic frequency in future generations.

Choose the correct option.

1. 2 alone is correct
2. 4 alone is correct
3. 1 and 4 are correct
4. 1 and 3 are correct
5. 2 and 4 are correct

Answer: 3. 1 and 4 are correct

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Statements 1 and 4 are correct, while statements II and III are incorrect. These can be corrected as

When more individuals in a population acquire mean character value, the type of natural selection is called stabilizing selection.

It favors the average or normal phenotypes and eliminates the extreme variants.

Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is defined as the relative frequencies of various kinds of genes in a large and randomly mating sexual population that tend to remain constant from generation to generation in the absence of mutation, selection, and gene flow

Question 8. Match Column 1 with Column 2

Answer: 2. 1–2, 2–4, 3–1, 4–3

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Question 9. Match the following columns.

Answer: 2. 1–3, 2–4, 3–1, 4–2

Question 10. Given below are four statements (A-D) each with one or two blanks. Select the option which correctly fills up the blanks in any two statements.

1. Wings of butterflies and birds look alike and are the results of …1 … evolution.
2. Miller showed that CH4, H2, NH3, and …1… when exposed to electric discharge in a flask resulted in the formation of …2…
3. The vermiform appendix is a …1… organ and an …2… evidence of evolution.
4. According to Darwin evolution took place due to …1… and …2… of the fittest.

choose the correct option 

1. A – 1 convergent, D-1 small variations 2 survival,
2. A-1 convergent, B-1 oxygen, 2 nucleosides
3. B-1 water vapor, 2 amino acids, C-1 rudimentary, 2 anatomical
4. C-1 vestigial, 2 anatomical, D-1 mutations, 2 multiplication

Answer: 1. A – 1 convergent, D-1 small variations 2 survival,

A–1 convergent B– 1 water vapor, 2 amino acids C–1 vestigial organ, 2 anatomical D–1 small variations, 2 survival

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Question 11. Consider the following statements.

1. The microbial experiment proves existing advantageous mutations result in the occurrence of new phenotypes.
2. Neanderthal fossils represent a human relative.
3. Coelacanth (lobe fins) thought to be extinct evolved into the first living amphibian on both land and water.
4. Alfred Wallace, a naturalist, drew a similar conclusion on natural selection as reached by Darwinism.

Choose the option containing the correct statements.

1. 1 and 2
2. 2 and 3
3. 3 and 4
4. 1, 2, 3 and 4

Answer: 1, 2, 3, and 4 All the given statements are correct.

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Question 12. Match the following columns.

Answer: 3. 1–1, 2–2, 3–3, 4–4

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Question 13. Match the following and choose the correct option from the codes given below.

Answer: 4. 1–4, 2–3, 3–1, 4–2

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Question 14. Match the following columns.

“evolution means fill in the blanks “

Answer: 4. 1–4, 2–3, 3–2, 4–1

Question 15. Match the following columns.

Answer: 2. 1–1, 2–2, 3–3, 4–4