NEET Biology Pollination Multiple Choice Question And Answers

by

Biology MCQ For NEET With Answers Pollination

Question 1. Pollination occurs when a pollen grain

  1. Matures and has three nuclei
  2. lands on a stigma
  3. Releases its sperm nuclei
  4. Releases its pollen tube nucleus

Answer: 2. lands on a stigma

Pollination is the process by which pollen is transferred from the anther to the stigma of the plant. in angiosperms, after the pollen grain has landed on the stigma, it develops a pollen tube which grows down the style until it reaches an ovary.

Read And Learn More: NEET Biology Multiple Choice Question And Answers

Question 2. For self-pollination, flower must be

  1. Unisexual
  2. Bisexual
  3. Monosexual
  4. Asexual

Answer: 2. Bisexual

For self-pollination, a flower must be bisexual. These flowers have the potential to self-pollinate, e.g. wheat, peach, etc.

” reproduction in flowering plants neet questions”

Question 3. Autogamy stands for

  1. Self-pollination in same flower
  2. Pollination in two flowers
  3. Self-pollination in different flower
  4. Pollination by only one type of organism

Answer: 1. Self-pollination in same flower

In autogamy, self-pollination takes place in the same flower of a plant. Here, no pollinating agent is required.

Biology MCQ For NEET With Answers

NEET Biology Pollination Multiple Choice Question And Answers

Question 4. Pollination which occurs in closed flowers is known as

  1. Allogamy
  2. Cleistogamy
  3. Dicliny
  4. Protogyny

Answer: 2. Cleistogamy

Pollination occurring in closed flowers is cleistogamy. it is a condition in which flower does not open. it is an adaptation in plants to ensure self-pollination.

Question 5. Which one of the following pollinations is autogamous?

  1. Geitonogamy
  2. Xenogamy
  3. Chasmogamy
  4. Cleistogamy

Answer: 4.  Cleistogamy

“egg apparatus of angiosperms consists of “

  • Autogamy is a kind of pollination in which the pollen from the anthers of a flower is transferred to the stigma of the same flower. Cleistogamy, homogamy, bud pollination are three methods of autogamy.
  • Cleistogamy occurs in those plants, which never open and ensure complete self-pollination, e.g. Commelina benghalensis, Oxalis, viola, etc. So, cleistogamy pollination is autogamous.

Question 6. Even in the absence of pollinating agents, seed-setting is assured in (or)The main advantage of cleistogamy is that it ensures UP

  1. Commelina
  2. Zostera
  3. Salvia
  4. Fig

Answer: 1. Commelina

  • Some plants such as viola (common pansy), Oxalis and Commelina produce two types of flowers, i.e. chasmogamous flowers and cleistogamous flowers.
  • Cleistogamous flowers are invariably autogamous as there is no chance of cross pollen landing on the stigma. Thus, cleistogamous flowers produce assured seed set even in the absence of pollinators.

Biology MCQ For NEET With Answers

Question 7. Cleistogamous flowers are

  1. Bisexual flowers which remain opened
  2. Bisexual flowers which remain closed
  3. Open female flower
  4. Open male flower

Answer: 2. Commelina

Cleistogamous flowers are bisexual flowers which remain closed. in such flowers, anthers and stigma lie close to each other.

Question 8. Assertion (A) Self-pollination helps to purify races, wastage of pollen is avoided and pollination is sure. Reason (R) Cleistogamy favours self-pollination.

  1. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
  2. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
  3. A is true, but R is false
  4. Both A and R are false

Answer: 2. Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A.

“reproduction mcq “

  • In cleistogamy, the flowers are intersexual. They remain closed to ensure self-pollination. In self-pollination, there is no diversity in the genes and therefore, the purity of the race is maintained.
  • The plants do not depend on external factors for pollination and even smaller quantities of pollen grain produce have a good success rate of getting pollinated.

Question 9. Which of the following statements are true about self-pollination?

  1. Self-pollination is most economic method as wastage of pollen grain is minimal.
  2. Genetic stability can be maintained in the progeny through self-pollination.
  3. Undesirable characters can be eliminated through selfpollination.
  4. Continued self-pollination may result in weaker progeny.
  5. Self-pollination favours evolution.

Choose the correct option.

  1. Statements 1, 2, 4 are correct and 4, 5 are incorrect
  2. Statements 4, 5 are correct and i, 2, 4 are incorrect
  3. Statements 1, 4, 5 are correct and 2, 4 are incorrect
  4. All statements are correct

Answer: 1. Statements 1, 2, 4 are correct and 4, 5 are incorrect

  • Statements 1, 2 and 4 are true, whereas 4 and 5 are not true about self-pollination. incorrect statements can be corrected as
  • Self-pollination reduces the vigour and vitality of the plant and undesirable characters cannot be eliminated by it. Cross-pollination favours evolution

Biology MCQ For NEET With Answers

Question 10. Cross-pollination in crops is known as

  1. Chasmogamy
  2. Autogamy
  3. Cleistogamy
  4. Allogamy

Answer: 4. Allogamy

Allogamy is a type of crosspollination in flowering plants. in this type of pollination, pollen is transferred from the anther to the stigma of another plant of the same or different species.

Question 11. Cross-pollination is preferred over self-pollination because

  1. It is easy
  2. It results in better offspring
  3. The new varieties are formed
  4. Parthenogenesis can be induced

Answer: 3. The new varieties are formed

  • Cross-pollination is preferred over self-pollination for the following reasons. Cross-pollination produces variety in species by recombination of genes, whereas self-pollination maintains the purity of plants and does not contribute to variety.
  • Genetic recombination in cross-pollination produces healthier progenies generation to generation whereas, in self-pollination, progenies become weaker and more prone to diseases.

Question 12. Allogamy is best favoured by

  1. Cleistogamy
  2. Dicliny
  3. Homogamy
  4. None of the above

Answer: 2. Dicliny

reproduction in flowering plants questions and answers pdf class 12

  1. Allogamy is best favoured by dicliny. it is the separation of male and female reproductive parts into different flowers.
  2. Diclinous plants may either have female and male unisexual flowers on the same individual (monoecy) or on different individuals (dioecy).

Biology MCQs with answers for NEET

Question 13. Allogamy is very useful because it results in

  1. Formation of male offspring
  2. Weaker progeny
  3. Superior progeny
  4. Formation of seeds

Answer: 3. Superior progeny

Allogamy is also called cross pollination. it causes genetic recombinations and thus, it produces superior progeny.

Question 14. Cross-pollination does not occur in

  1. Allogamous flowers
  2. Geitonogamous flowers
  3. Cleistogamous flowers
  4. Chasmogamous flowers

Answer: 3. Cleistogamous flowers

Cleistogamous flowers are closed flowers in which only self-pollination (not cross-pollination) is possible whereas allogamous, geitonogamous and chasmogamous flowers favour cross-pollination

Question 15. In which one of the following both autogamy and geitonogamy are prevented?

  1. Wheat
  2. Papaya
  3. Castor
  4. Maize

Answer: 2. Papaya

Papaya is dioecious, i.e. male and female flowers occur in separate plants so that it prevents both autogamy and geitonogamy (method of self-pollination).

Question 16. A dioecious flowering plant prevents both

  1. Autogamy and xenogamy
  2. Autogamy and geitonogamy
  3. Geitonogamy and xenogamy
  4. Cleistogamy and xenogamy

Answer: 2. Autogamy and geitonogamy

Dioecious plants are plants whose male and female reproductive organs are borne on different individuals in order to prevent autogamy and geitonogamy

Biology MCQs with answers for NEET

Question 17. Chasmogamous flowers

  1. Never open
  2. Have pseudo reproductive organs
  3. Always open
  4. Are brightly coloured

Answer: 4. Are brightly coloured

“what is monosporic development “

  • Flowers that open at maturity to facilitate exposure of pollen and stigma for cross-pollination are referred to as chasmogamous flowers.
  • They are large, brightly coloured flowers with nectar/scent to attract pollinators.

Question 18. Xenogamy or cross-pollination is performed by

  1. Abiotic agencies
  2. Biotic agencies
  3. Insects only

Select the correct agents for the given question.

  1. 1 and 4
  2. 2 and 4
  3. Only 4
  4. 1 and 2

Answer: 4. 1 and 2

  • Cross-pollination involves external agents for the transfer of pollen grains from one flower to the stigma of another flower.
  • it involves two main groups of agents, i.e. biotic agents which include animals of different types such as insects, birds, bats, snails, etc. The second one is abiotic agents like wind and water. Thus, option 4. is correct.

Question 19. When the pollen grains of a flower fall on the stigma of another flower of same plant, the phenomenon is

  1. Genetically autogamy and ecologically allogamy
  2. Genetically autogamy
  3. Ecologically allogamy
  4. Genetically allogamy and ecologically autogamy

Answer: 1. Genetically autogamy and ecologically allogamy

  • The transfer of pollen grain from the anther of one flower to the stigma of another flower of the same plant is called geitonogamy.
  • This transfer involves agent of pollination. Genetically, it is similar to autogamy since the pollen grains come from the same plant and ecologically its allogamy

Biology MCQs with answers for NEET

Question 20. Geitonogamy involves

  1. Fertilisation of a flower by the pollen from another flower of the same plant
  2. Fertilisation of a flower by the pollen from the same flower
  3. Fertilisation of a flower by the pollen from a flower of another plant in the same species
  4. Fertilisation of a flower by the pollen from a flower of another plant belonging to a distant species

Answer: 1. Fertilisation of a flower by the pollen from another flower of the same plant

Geitonogamy is a fertilisation of a flower by the pollen from another flower of the same plant. It is seen in plants like maize. It is a crosspollination within the same plant. In this, pollens are transferred by insects or winds.

Question 21. Which one of the following is suitable reference to xenogamy?

  1. Ripening of androecium earlier to gynoecium
  2. Pollen grains of one flower reaching the stigma of another flower present on the same plant
  3. Pollen grains of one flower reaching the stigma of another flower present on a different plant of the same species
  4. The inability of pollen to germinate on the stigma of the same flower

Answer: 3. Pollen grains of one flower reaching the stigma of another flower present on a different plant of the same species

  • Xenogamy is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of a different plant of the same species.
  • This is the only type of pollination that brings genetically different types of pollen grains to the stigma.

Question 22. Match the entries in Column 1 with those of Column 2 and choose the correct option from the codes given below.

NEET Biology Polution Match The Following Column Question 22

Answer: A–2, B–3, C–1, D–5

Question 23. Pollination by wind is called

  1. Geitnogamy
  2. Anemophily
  3. Autogamy
  4. None of these

Answer: 2. Anemophily

Pollination by wind is called anemophily. it is the process of the transfer of pollen from one individual plant to another by air currents.

“which of the following is a parthenocarpic fruit “

Question 24. Flowers which have single ovule in the ovary and are packed into inflorescence are usually pollinated by

  1. Water
  2. Bee
  3. Wind
  4. Bat

Answer: 3. Wind

Pollination by wind or anemophily is observed in plants whose flowers have a single ovule in each ovary, with numerous flowers packed into an inflorescence.

Biology MCQs with answers for NEET

Question 25. Wind-pollinated flowers are

  1. Small, brightly coloured, producing large number of pollen grains
  2. Small, producing large number of dry pollen grains
  3. large producing abundant nectar and pollen
  4. Small, producing nectar and dry pollen

Answer: 2. Small, producing large number of dry pollen grains

  • Anemophilous plants or wind-pollinated flowers are characterised by small flowers. Pollens are produced in large numbers which are small, dry and light in weight (carried up to i300 km by wind.
  • Number of ovules generally reduced in ovary (biological significance), stigma is feathery or brushy to receive the pollen. Grasses and palms are generally anemophilous.

Question 26. Wind-pollinated plants differ from insect-pollinated plants in having

  1. Small petals and sticky pollen
  2. Small coloured petals and heavy pollen
  3. Coloured petals and large pollen
  4. No petals and light pollen

Answer: 4. No petals and light pollen

  • Wind-pollinated flowers are small and non-essential parts like petals are either absent or reduced. Pollen grains are light, small and dusty and are thus easy to be carried by the wind.
  • Whereas in the insect-pollinating flowers, the petals are bright and scented, so that the insects get attracted to them.
  • Thus, wind-pollinated plants differ from insect-pollinated plants in having no petals and light pollen.

Question 27. Anemophilous pollens are generally

  1. Sticky
  2. Colourful
  3. Associated with large feathery stigma
  4. With prominent nectaries

Answer: 3. Associated with large feathery stigma

Plants that are pollinated by the wind (anemophily) have small, inconspicuous flowers and large feathery stigmas to make sure the pollen is lifted along with the wind to another flower for reproduction.

Question 28. Which of the following involves comparatively greater wastage of pollen?

  1. Ornithophily
  2. Anemophily
  3. Entomophily
  4. Chiropterophily

Answer: 2. Anemophily

  • Anemophily is an abiotic means of pollination by wind and being non-directional it is a wasteful process.
  • During the transfer of pollens through wind, a considerable amount of pollens are lost because they never reach a proper stigma. So anemophily involves comparatively greater wastage of pollen.

“what is microspore tetrad “

Question 29. Which of the following is incorrect for wind-pollinated plants?

  1. Well-exposed stamens and stigma
  2. Many ovules in each ovary
  3. Flowers are small and not brightly coloured
  4. Pollen grains are light and non-sticky

Answer: 2. Many ovules in each ovary

Option 2. Is incorrect and can be corrected as Wind-pollinated (anemophily) plants are associated with reduction in the number of ovules per ovary. it increases the probability of successful pollination of each ovule. Rest options are correct for wind-pollinated plants.

Question 30. Wind pollination is common in

  1. legumes
  2. Lillies
  3. Grasses
  4. Orchids

Answer: 3. Grasses

Wind pollination is common in the order Poales, which includes grasses, sedges, etc.

Question 31. Winged pollen grains are present in

  1. Mustard
  2. Pinus
  3. Mango
  4. Cycas

Answer: 2. Pinus

In Pinus, winged pollen grains are present. it is extended outer exine on two lateral sides to form the wings of pollen. This is the characteristic feature of Pinus. Pollen grains of mustard, Cycas and mango are not winged-shaped.

Question 32. Cannabis shows which type of pollination?

  1. Anemophilous
  2. Entomophilous
  3. Hydrophilous
  4. Ophiophilous

Answer: 1. Anemophilous

Cannabis is a cross-pollinated plant, which shows wind pollination and hence, it is anemophilous.

Question 33. The gunpowder mechanism is observed in

  1. Utrica diotica
  2. Zostera
  3. Ceratophyllum
  4. Vallisneria

Answer: 1. Utrica diotica

Utrica diotica is an anemophilous flower in which anthers burst suddenly to throw the pollen grains into the air. This mechanism of pollen dispersal is known as gunpowder mechanism.

Question 34. Given below are the plants and type of pollination observed in them.

  1. Bignonia – Ornithophily
  2. Chrysanthemum – Cheiropteriphily
  3. Zea Mays – Anemophily
  4. Cestrum – Entomophily

Choose the correctly matched pairs.

  1. 1 and 2
  2. 2,3 and 4
  3. 1, 2 and 3
  4. 1, 2, 3 and 4

Answer: 4. 1, 2, 3 and 4

All the given options represent correctly matched pairs.

Question 35. Which of the following feature(s) is/are common to both wind and water-pollinated flowers?

  1. Pollen grains are long and ribbon-like.
  2. Stigma is large and feathery.
  3. The flowers are not colourful.
  4. The flowers do not produce nectar.

Choose the options

  1. Only 4 and 4
  2. Only 2 and 4
  3. Only 1 and 2
  4. Only 2
  5. Only 1

Answer: 3. Only 1 and 2

  • In given features, only 1 and 2 features are common to both wind and water-pollinated flowers. Stigma is large and feathery in wind-pollinated flowers.
  • Pollen grains are long and ribbon-like so that, they can float below the surface of the water in water-pollinated flowers.

Thus, option (3) is correct.

Question 36. The process of transfer of pollen grains from anther to stigmatic surface of the flower with the help of water is called

  1. Anemophily
  2. Zoophily
  3. Hydrophily
  4. Ornithophily

Answer: 3. Hydrophily

Hydrophily is a fairly uncommon form of pollination whereby pollen grains from anther to stigmatic surface of the flower are distributed by the flow of water, particularly in rivers and streams.

Question 37. Pollination in water hyacinth and water lily is brought about by the agency of

  1. Water
  2. Insects or wind
  3. Birds
  4. Bats

Answer: 2. Insects or wind

  • Water hyacinth has single spike of 8-15 conspicuous attractive flowers, which attract bees and other insects. These flowers are pollinated by insects.
  • Water lily is also an aquatic plant with large conspicuous coloured flowers. Most of the species are bee-pollinated except few species where
    wind pollination occurs.
  • So, pollination in water hyacinths and water lilies is brought about by the agency of insects or wind.

Question 38. The hydrophilous flowers, pollinated completely under water are known as

  1. Epihydrogamous
  2. Hypohydrogamous
  3. Both 1. and 2.
  4. Polyhydrogamous

Answer: 2. Hypohydrogamous

When the cross-pollination in a flower takes place with the help of water, it is called hydrophilous and the phenomenon is termed as hydrophily. The pollination taking place in completely submerged conditions under water is called hypohydrogamous, e.g. Ceratophyllum.

Question 39. Select the plants pollinated by water.

  1. Water hyacinth
  2. Zostera
  3. Amorphophallus
  4. Vallisneria
  5. Yucca Kerala

Choose the correct answer

  1. 1, 4and 5 only
  2. 2 and 5 only
  3. 2 and 4only
  4. 2, 4 and 4 only
  5. 1, 2 and 4 only

Answer: 3. 2 and 4 only

  • 2 and 4 plants are pollinated by water. Pollination under water is considered to be the obvious way of pollination for Zostera marina as most of the plants are growing below the water surface and even plants in the intertidal zone are immersed for a more or less extended period.
  • In Vallisneria, the female flower appears on the surface of the water as it has a long stalk. The pollen grains released by the male flower reach to female flower for fertilisation through water currents. Other plants are not pollinated by water.

Question 40. What type of pollination takes place in Vallisneria?

  1. Pollination occurs in submerged conditions by water
  2. Flowers emerge above  surface of water and pollination occurs by insects
  3. Flowers emerge above water’s surface and pollen is carried by wind
  4. Male flowers are carried by water currents to female flowers at surface of water

Answer: Male flowers are carried by water currents to female flowers at surface of water

  • In Vallisneria. the female flower reaches the surface of water by the long stalk and the male flowers or pollen grains are released onto the surface of water.
  • They are carried out passively by water currents, some of them eventually reach the female flowers and the stigma.

Question 41. Entomophilous flowers are

  1. Brightly coloured and produce nectar
  2. Colourless
  3. Inconspicuous
  4. Odourless

Answer: 1. Brightly coloured and produce nectar

  • The flowers which are pollinated by insects are called entomophilous flowers. These flowers are generally brightly coloured to attract insects for pollination.
  • Nectar is secreted by these plants for feeding the visiting insects. Entomophilous flowers are showy, conspicuous and produce an odour that may be pleasant or foul.

Question 42. Attractants and rewards are required for

  1. Anemophily
  2. Entomophily
  3. Hydrophily
  4. Cleistogamy

Answer: 2. Entomophily

Attractants and rewards are required for entomophily. Nectar and pollen grains are the usual floral rewards. Animals/insects are attracted to flowers by colour or fragrance.

  1. Question 43. Insect-pollinated flowers have pollen grainsLight and sticky
  2. Hygroscopic
  3. Light and rough
  4. Heavy and coloured

Answer: 1. Light and sticky

The insect-pollinated flower has pollen grains that are sticky and light so that they can cling on to the insect’s body more easily.

Question 44. The plants dependent on insects for pollination attract insects by releasing

  1. Sucrose
  2. Fructose
  3. Glucose
  4. Galactose

Answer: 1. Sucrose

  • Insect-pollinated plants evolved special organs called nectaries to attract and reward the animals. These nectaries are secretory organs that produce perfumes and sugar-rich fluid (major part is composed of sucrose) rewards.
  • Thus, the plants dependent on insects for pollination attract insects by releasing sucrose.

Question 45. In sausage tree (Kigelia pinata), the pollination takes place by

  1. Birds
  2. Bats
  3. Wind
  4. Insects

Answer: 2. Bats

  • Chiropterophily is pollination by bats, e.g. Kigelia pinnata, Adansonia, etc. Sausage trees are native to Africa.
  • The flowers are visited at night by nectar-feeding bats. The fragrant nectar-rich blossoms are pollinated by bats.

Question 46. Animal vectors are required for pollination in

  1. Vallisneria
  2. Mulberry
  3. Cucumber
  4. Maize

Answer: 3. Cucumber

In cucumber, animal vectors are required for pollination whereas in vallisneria, water pollination occurs while mulberry and maize undergo wind pollination.

Question 47. Which of the following flowers possess pollen kitt? (or)The role of pollen kitt is to help in

  1. Anemophilous flowers
  2. Entomophilous flowers
  3. Zoophilous flowers
  4. Malacophilous flowers

Answer: 2. Entomophilous flowers

Entomophilous flowers possess pollenkitt. It is an oily and sticky layer found on the surface of the mature pollen grains in insect-pollinated (entomophilous) plants. it is protective envelope or adhering agent and helps in pollination.

Question 48. Dipteran or true flies are trapped for pollination by the flowers of

  1. Rafflesia
  2. Alocasia
  3. Colocasia
  4. Aristolochia

Answer: 4. Aristolochia

  • Flytrap mechanism is a method of pollination in insect-pollinated species, e.g. Aristolochia.
  • Aristolochia developed a mechanism to get pollinated by the dipteran or true flies. At the time of another dehiscence, these plants secrete chemicals to attract the dipteran or true flies.

Question 49. The largest inflorescence in the world is pollinated by

  1. Insects
  2. Snails and slugs
  3. Water
  4. Air

Answer: 1. Insects

Amorphophallus titanum or Titan arum is the largest inflorescence in the world which is pollinated by insects. Glands of this inflorescence emit a repulsive, rotting flesh scent that attracts carrion beetles. These beetles carry out the pollination.

Question 50. In Ficus (peepal), pollination takes place by

  1. Water
  2. Bird
  3. Insects
  4. Snails

Answer: 3. Insects

Ficus are pollinated by wasps. Pollination is unique because the wasp (insects) has to enter into the fig through the ostiole to access the flowers and often dies inside the fig after carrying out pollination.

Question 51. Pollen basket is

  1. A basket made of pollen
  2. A simple basket
  3. Sac in flowers where pollens are carried
  4. Cavity in hindleg of a worker bee

Answer: 4. Cavity in hindleg of a worker bee

Pollen baskets are pit-like cavities on dorsal surface of the wide tibia of hindlegs of worker bees in which pollens are collected.

Question 52. In Amorphophallus and Yucca, the moth lays egg into the

  1. locule of ovary
  2. On stigma
  3. Into the fruit wall
  4. On style

Answer: 1. locule of ovary

  • In some species, floral rewards are seen in providing safe places to lay eggs. An example is that of the tallest flower Amorphophallus. A similar relationship exists between a species of moth and the plant Yucca.
  • The moth deposits its eggs in the locule of the ovary and flower, in turn, gets pollinated by moth. The larvae of moth come out of the eggs as the seed starts developing.
  • So, the moth lays egg into the locule of ovary in Amorphophallus and Yucca.

Question 53. In which of the following flowers, pollination takes place by lever mechanism?

  1. Salvia
  2. Ficus
  3. Antirrhinum
  4. Ocimum

Answer: 1. Salvia

  • In Salvia, pollination takes place by the insects through lever mechanism. The flowers of Salvia have two stamens with two lobes. The upper lobe is fertile and the lower one sterile.
  • When the insect lands on the lower lip, the fertile lobe automatically brings down to touch the back of insect and thus, deposits the pollen grains on the back of insect.
  • When insect lands on another flower, the style brings the stigma in such a position that it brushes the back of insect and collects the pollen grains.

Question 54. The pollination mechanism of Calotropis is referred as

  1. Jaculator mechanism
  2. lever mechanism
  3. Translator mechanism
  4. Siphon mechanism

Answer: 3. Translator mechanism

  • In Calotropis, the pollination mechanism is translator mechanism. The entire pollen of the anther lobe is packed into a pollinium.
  • During pollination, the pollinia get entangled in the legs of the insect due to their sticky nature and are transferred from one plant to another. This mechanism is known as translator mechanism.

Question 55. Malacophily is pollination by

  1. Insects
  2. Snails and slugs
  3. Wind
  4. Birds

Answer: 2. Snails and slugs

Pollination by snails and slugs is known as malacophilous. Land plants like Chrysanthemum, Arisaema (snake plant) and water plants like Lemna show malacophily.

Question 56. Myrmecophily is a beneficial association between some flowering plants and

  1. Bacteria
  2. Ants
  3. Virus
  4. Mycoplasma

Answer: 2. Ants

Myrmecophily is the term used for beneficial association between ants and flowers, in which flowers get pollinated in return for giving juicy secretions to the ants.

Question 57. Pollination by birds is called

  1. Ornithophily
  2. Chiropterophily
  3. Entomophily
  4. Malacophily

Answer: 1. Ornithophily

The pollination of the flowering shrubs by the birds is known as ornithophily, e.g. silk cotton tree.

Question 58. Flowers showing ornithophily displays few characteristics like

  1. Colourless flower with nectaries at base of corolla
  2. Red sweet-scented flower with nectaries
  3. Bright red flower into thick inflorescence
  4. White flowers with fragrance

Answer: 2. Red sweet-scented flower with nectaries

Transfer of pollen grains by birds is known as ornithophily. They usually have bright-coloured red, orange or yellow flowers that produce large quantity of nectar and store it in nectaries.

Question 59. Choose the mismatched option.

  1. Wind – Cannabis – Anemophily
  2. Water – Zostera – Hydrophily
  3. insects – Salvia – Entomophily
  4. Birds -Adansonia – Ornithophily
  5. Bats – Kigelia – Chiropterophily

Answer: 4. Birds -Adansonia – Ornithophily

Option 4. is mismatched and can be corrected as Adansonia has chiropterophilous
flowers that are pollinated by fruit bats. Rest options are correctly matched pairs.

Question 60. Plants of which one of the following groups of genera are pollinated by the same agency?

  1. Triticum, Cocos, Mangifera
  2. Ficus, Kigelia, Casuarina
  3. Salvia, Morus, Euphorbia
  4. Bombax, Butea, Bauhinia

Answer: 4. Bombax, Butea, Bauhinia

  • Pollination by birds is called ornithophily. Birds like hummingbirds, honey eaters, sunbirds, etc., are sensitive to colours and have powerful vision.
  • Plants like Bombax, Butea, etc., are ornithophilous plants. These flowers are characterised by tubular, cup-shaped corollas, bright colours to attract insects, excess of nectar and pollens.
  • They are generally odourless. Bauhinia is mostly visited by hummingbirds.

Question 61. Assertion 1. Calotropis and orchids are entomophilous. Reason (R) They have pollen organised in form of pollinia.

  1. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
  2. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
  3. A is true, but R is false
  4. Both A and R are false

Answer: 1.  Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Orchids and Calotropis are entomophilous. A pollinium is a coherent mass of pollen grains in a plant that are the product of only one anther but are transferred, during pollination as a single unit.

Question 62. Match the following columns.

NEET Biology Polution Match The Following Column Question 62

Answer: A–1, B–2, C–3, D–4

Question 63. Consider the following statements.

  1. Thermogenecity in certain plants such as Asclepiadaceae plays important role.
  2. Heat released during this phenomenon favours entomophily.

Choose the correct option.

  1. Statement 1 is correct, but 2 is incorrect
  2. Statement 1 is incorrect, but 2 is correct
  3. Both statements 1 and 2 are correct
  4. Both statements 1 and 2 are incorrect

Answer: 4. Both statements i and 2 are incorrect

Both statements are correct. Thermogenesis is the process of heat production in organisms. it occurs in all warm-blooded animals and also in a few species of thermogenic plants, such as the Eastern skunk cabbage, the voodoo lily and the giant water lilies of the genus–Victoria. it favours pollination by insects or entomophily.

Question 64. Assertion (A) Insects visit flowers to gather nectar. Reason (R) Attraction to flowers prevents the insects from damaging other parts of the plant.

  1. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
  2. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
  3. A is true, but R is false
  4. Both A and R are false

Answer: 3. A is true, but R is false

  • A is true, but R is false. Reason can be corrected as Many flowers depend on certain insects to pollinate them. The flowers provide the insects with food in the form of nectar, pollen or other substances.
  • The attraction of flowers in plants is not to diverge the insect from damaging other parts but to bring pollination.

Question 65. All the events from deposition of pollen grain on the stigma to the entry of pollen tube in the ovule are referred to as

  1. Fertilisation
  2. Conjugation
  3. Pollen-pistil interaction
  4. Syngamy

Answer: 3. Pollen-pistil interaction

  • All the events from pollen deposition on the stigma until pollen tubes enter the ovule are referred to as pollen-pistil interaction.
  • It is a dynamic process involving pollen recognition followed by promotion or inhibition of the pollen.

Question 66. The inability of functional male and female gametes to effect fertilisation is called

  1. Compatibility
  2. Incompatibility
  3. Self-sterility
  4. Prepotency

Answer: 2. Incompatibility

  • Self-incompatibility is the inability of functional male and female gametes to effect fertilisation in particular combinations.
  • It is the integral part of pollen-pistil interaction. incompatibility operates between species (interspecific) as well as within species (intraspecific).

Question 67. Self-incompatibility is a process to

  1. Ensure cross-pollination
  2. Prevent self-fertilisation
  3. Ensure self-fertilisation
  4. Genetic control for self-fertilisation

Choose the correct process for given statements.

  1. 1, 2 and 4
  2. 1, 2, 4 and 5
  3. 1, 4 and 4
  4. 1, 2 and 5

Answer: 4. 1, 2 and 5

1, 2 and 4 processes are correct for given statement. Self-incompatibility is a genetic mechanism, i.e. genetic control for self-fertilisation by preventing self-pollination, i.e. from the same flower or other flower of the same plant from fertilising the ovules by inhibiting pollen germination or pollen tube growth in the pistil. it ensures cross-pollination.

Thus, option 4. is correct.

Question 68. Main requirement of a plant in order to perform cross-pollination is

  1. Herkogamy
  2. Dichogamy
  3. Self-sterility
  4. All of these

Answer: 4. All of these

  • All given options are main requirements of a plant in order to perform cross-pollination. Herkogamy Common strategy employed by hermaphroditic angiosperms to reduce sexual interference between male and female functions.
  • It differs from other such strategies by supplying a spatial separation of the anthers and stigma. Dichogamy Having pistils and stamens that mature at different times, thus, promoting cross-pollination rather than self-pollination. Self-sterility Sterile to its own pollen or sperm.

Thus, option 4. is correct

Question 69. In bisexual flowers, when the gynoecium matures earlier than the androecium, it is called

  1. Protandry
  2. Protogyny
  3. Heterogamy
  4. Autogamy

Answer: 2. Protogyny

In bisexual flowers, when the gynoecium matures earlier than the androecium, it is called protogyny and thereby it ensures that self-fertilisation does not occur. Examples of protogynous flowers are Plantain and Figwort.

Question 70. Protandry is a condition in which

  1. Anthers mature after stigma
  2. Anthers and stigma mature at the same time
  3. Anthers mature earlier than the stigma
  4. Pollens of the same flower pollinate stigma

Answer: 3. Anthers mature earlier than the stigma

In hermaphroditic plants, a condition in which the development and maturation of the male reproductive part (androecium) occur before the maturation of female reproductive part (gynoecium) to promote cross-pollination and inhibits the process of self-pollination is called protandry. So, the correct answer is another mature earlier than stigma.

Question 71. When pollination takes place between two or more types of flowers having different lengths styles and stamens, it is called

  1. Heterogamy
  2. Heterostyly
  3. Heterotandry
  4. Heterophily

Answer: 2. Heterostyly

Heterostyly is the condition in which two or more types of flowers are produced having different lengths of styles and stamens. When style is longer, flower is called pin-eyed and when stamens are longer, flower is called thrum-eyed. Thus, cross-pollination is promoted.

Question 72. Heterostyly is shown by which of the following plants?

  1. Gloriosa
  2. Primrose
  3. Michelia
  4. Salvia

Answer: 2. Primrose

  • Primroses are one of many species displaying heterostyly, developing two distinct floral forms known as ‘pin’ and ‘thrum’.
  • The stigma of pin plants is positioned at the entrance of the flower at the end of a long style, while the anthers are positioned midway down the floral tube.

Question 73. When pollen grains are not transferred from anthers to stigma in a flower, due to a barrier, it is called

  1. Cleistogamy
  2. Herkogamy
  3. Dichogamy
  4. Heterogamy

Answer: 2. Herkogamy

  • When some physical barrier is present between male and female reproductive parts of a flower which prevents self-pollination, it is called herkogamy.
  • It is a common strategy employed by hermaphroditic plants to reduce sexual interference between male and female functions.

Question 74. The phenomenon of male and female structures maturing at two different times is

  1. Dichogamy
  2. Heterostyly
  3. Hekrogamy
  4. Dioecious

Answer: 1. Dichogamy

Dichogamy is the production of male and female reproductive parts at different times in a hermaphroditic organism, in order to ensure cross-fertilisation.

Question 75. Heterozygosity is most favoured in plants following

  1. Cleistogamy
  2. Autogamy
  3. Xenogamy
  4. Geitonogamy

Answer: 3. Xenogamy

  • Xenogamy is the cross-pollination between the flowers of different plants and it produces heterozygosity.
  • Geitonogamy is a type of self-pollination in which pollens are transferred from the anther of one flower to the stigma of another flower of the same plant.
  • Autogamy is a type of self-pollination in which pollens are transferred from the anther to the stigma of the same flower.
  • Cleistogamy is the condition in which the flowers do not open at all. Thus, self-pollination can occur in cleistogamous flowers.

Question 76. In castor and maize plant,

  1. Male and female flowers are borne by different plants
  2. Autogamy is prevented, but not geitonogamy
  3. The anthers and stigma are placed at different positions to encourage cross-pollination
  4. Both autogamy and geitonogamy are prevented

Answer: 2. Autogamy is prevented, but not geitonogamy

In maize and castor plant, unisexual flowers are present, though both male and female flowers can be present on same plant. They prevent autogamy, but not geitonogamy.

Question 77. A method to discourage self-pollination or encourage cross-pollination is

  1. Pollen release and stigma receptivity are not synchronised
  2. anther and stigma placed at different position
  3. same height of stamen and stigma
  4. Both 1. and 2.

Answer: 4. Both 1. and 2.

  • Flowering plants have developed many devices to discourage self-pollination. In some species, pollen release and stigma receptivity are non-synchronised.
  • In some other species, the anther and stigma are placed at different positions, so that the pollen cannot come in contact with the stigma of same flower. Both these methods prevent autogamy.

Thus, option 4. is correct.

Question 78. Find out the correct sequence of events taking place in pollen-pistil interaction.

  1. Pollen tube enters one of the synergids and bursts to release male gametes.
  2. Pollen tube enters ovule through micropyle of ovary.
  3. Pollen tube grows through the stigmatic tissue and then style.
  4. Pistil recognises the compatible pollen and accepts it.

Choose the correct option.

  1. 4→ 4 → 2 → 1
  2. 4→ 2 → 4 → 1
  3. 1 → 4→ 4 → 2
  4. 4 → 4→ 2 → 1

Answer: 1. 4→ 4 → 2 → 1

  • Pollen-pistil interaction includes. Recognition of compatible pollen– The pistil has the ability to recognise the right compatible pollen of the same species and to reject the pollen grains that are incompatible either of same species or of other species.
  • Growth of a pollen tube–The contents of the pollen then move into this tube. Entry of pollen tube into the ovule– After reaching the ovary, the pollen tube enters the ovule through one of synergies at micropylar end and releases male gametes.

Thus, the correct sequence of events taking place in pollen-pistil interaction is 4→ 4 → 2 → 1.

NEET Biology Mcq

Question 79. Pollen tube exhibits

  1. Basal growth
  2. Apical growth
  3. Both 1. and 2.
  4. Intercalary growth

Answer: 2. Apical growth

Pollen tubes exhibit a sharp, tip-focused intracellular calcium gradient that drives and orients their apical growth.

Question 80: Which of the following promotes pollen germination and tube growth?

  1. Iron
  2. Boron
  3. Calcium
  4. Both 1 and 3

Answer: 4. Both 1 and 3

Factors which influence pollen germination and tube growth in plants are carbohydrates, boron calcium enzymes, plant hormones, magnesium, agar, pH and certain physical factors such as temperature and light.

Question 81. In angiosperm, pollen tube liberates their gametes into the

  1. Central cell
  2. Antipodal cell
  3. Egg cell
  4. Synergids

Answer: 4. Synergids

Pollen tube liberates both nuclei in synergids, out of which one nucleus fuses with egg cell and other one to polar nuclei

Question 82. Growth of pollen tube towards embryo sac is

  1. Geotropism
  2. Thigmotaxis
  3. Chemotaxis
  4. Phototaxis

Answer: 3. Chemotaxis

Growth of pollen tube towards the embryo sac is chemotaxis because this movement is induced by chemicals like auxin hormone and carbohydrates.

Question 83. The germination of pollen on stigma is ……………. type.

  1. In vitro
  2. In vivo
  3. In situ
  4. Ex situ

Answer: 2. In vivo

The germination of pollen grain in stigma occurs in vivo conditions because it is performed in living conditions.

NEET Biology Mcq

Question 84. Pollen tube laden with starch is characteristic of

  1. Monocots
  2. Dicots
  3. Advanced families of dicots
  4. Gymnosperms

Answer: 4. Gymnosperms

Pollen tube of gymnosperms is commonly branched and rich in starch. in some members of gymnosperms, pollen tube is involved only in nutrient uptake from ovule tissue and does not convey sperm cells to the egg. In such pollen, tube is filled with starch.

Question 85. Pollen tube at the time of entering embryo sac has

  1. Four gametes
  2. Three male gametes
  3. Two male gametes
  4. One gametic nucleus

Answer: 3. Two male gametes

  • During pollen germination, the tube cell forms a pollen tube through the style to the bottom of the ovary, the generative cell migrates through it, to enter the ovary for fertilisation.
  • During its transit inside the pollen tube, the generative cell divides to form two male gametes (sperm cells).
  • Both sperm cells are required for successful fertilisation in angiosperms. So, pollen tube at the time of entering embryo sac has two male gametes.

Question 86. What happens to pollen tube after fertilisation?

  1. It becomes haustorial
  2. It becomes nutritive
  3. It collapses
  4. It becomes branched

Answer: 3. It collapses

  • After the pollen tube reaches the female gametophyte, the pollen tube nucleus disintegrates to let the two sperm cells pass through.
  • Since its function of controlling the growth of pollen tube has finished, it collapses after fertilisation.

Question 87. The pollen tube septates due to the appearance of plugs which are made up of

  1. Pectose
  2. Callose
  3. Cellulose
  4. Polysaccharides

Answer: 2. Cellulose

The callose plugs are formed as a ring on the inner side of the tube wall and gradually grow toward the centre which finally seals off the growing tip from rest of the pollen tube.

Question 88. After penetrating stigmatic and stylar tissue, the pollen tube usually grows down toward the egg cell because

  1. The egg cell attracts pollen tube
  2. It grows under the influence of ovum
  3. It has no other passage to follow
  4. The filiform apparatus of synergids attracts the pollen tubes

Answer: 4. The filiform apparatus of synergids attract the pollen tubes

  • In flowering plants, guidance of the pollen tube to the embryo sac (the haploid female gametophyte) is critical for successful fertilisation. The target embryo sac may attract the pollen tube as the final step of guidance in the pistil.
  • So, after penetrating stigmatic and stylar tissue, the pollen tube usually grows down towards the egg cell because the filiform apparatus of synergids adjacent to the egg cell attracts the pollen tube.

Question 89. Which of the following statements is not correct?

  1. Pollen grains of many species can germinate on the stigma of a flower, but only one pollen tube of the same species grows into the style
  2. Insects that consume pollen or nectar without bringing about pollination are called pollen nectar D robbers
  3. Pollen germination and pollen tube growth are regulated by chemical components of pollen interacting with those of the pistil.
  4. Some reptiles have also been reported as pollinators in some plant species

Answer: 1. Pollen grains of many species can germinate on the stigma of a flower, but only one pollen tube of the same species grows into the style

All given statements are correct except statement in option (1). Incorrect statement can be corrected as More than one pollen tube of same species can grow into the style. it is frequently found in nature.

NEET Biology Mcq

Question 90. Entry of pollen tube through micropyle is termed as

  1. Mesogamy
  2. Porogamy
  3. Syngamy
  4. Chalazogamy
  5. Herkogamy

Answer: 2. Porogamy

  • In flowering plants, pollen tube penetrates tissues of style and stigma, entering the ovary and growing towards ovule.
  • When the pollen tube passes through the micropyle, penetrating the nucellus and entering the embryo sac to set free two nuclei, this is termed porogamy, e.g. lily

Question 91. The fertilisation in which male gametes are carried through pollen tube is known as

  1. Syngamy
  2. Porogamy
  3. Siphonogamy
  4. Chalazogamy

Answer: 3. Siphonogamy

Siphonogamy occurs in seed plants where male gametes are carried to the egg-containing female gametophyte by means of a pollen tube.

Question 92. When pollen tube enters through the base of a funiculus or the integument the phenomenon is known as

  1. Porogamy
  2. Chalazogamy
  3. Mesogamy
  4. Isogamy

Answer: 3. Mesogamy

Mesogamy is the condition in which the pollen tube enters, via. the integuments of the ovule. it is observed in all cucurbit plants.

Question 93. Chalazogamy is shown by

  1. Petunia
  2. Cucurbita
  3. Pistacia
  4. Casuarina

Answer: 4. Casuarina

Chalazogamy is the entry of pollen tube into the ovule through chalaza, e.g. Casuarina

Question 94. Identify the correct modes of entry of the pollen tube represented in the three diagrams given below.

NEET Biology Polution Question 94 Pollen Tube Represented

  1. A–Mesogamy, B–Chalazogamy, C–Porogamy
  2. A–Chalazogamy, B–Porogamy, C–Mesogamy
  3. A–Porogamy, B–Chalazogamy, C–Monogamy
  4. A–Porogamy, B–Chalazogamy, C–Mesogamy

Answer: 4. A–Porogamy, B–Chalazogamy, C–Mesogamy

The correct modes of entry of pollen tube represented in the three diagrams are as follows A–Porogamy B–Chalazogamy C–Mesogamy

NEET Biology Mcq

Question 95. Which one of the following has been observed for the first time by Treub?

  1. Entry of the pollen tube into the ovule through micropyle in Casuarina
  2. Entry of the pollen tube into the ovule through chalaza in Casuarina
  3. Entry of the pollen tube into the ovule through the integuments
  4. Formation of many pollen tubes from a single pollen grain in Hibiscus

Answer: 2. Entry of the pollen tube into the ovule through chalaza in Casuarina

Treub was the first person to see chalazogamy or entry of the pollen tube into the ovule through chalaza in Casuarina and Butea.

Question 96. In artificial hybridisation, the steps involved are

  1. Bagging
  2. Emasculation
  3. Rebagging

Their right arrangement is

  1. 1 → 2 → 4
  2. 2 → 1 → 4
  3. 4 → 2 → 1
  4. 2 → 4 → 1

Answer: 2. 2 → 1 → 4

Steps in artificial hybridisation are as follows Emasculation → Bagging → Artificial pollination → Rebagging

Question 97. Emasculation ensures cross-pollination in

  1. Staminate flower
  2. Bisexual flower
  3. Neuter flower
  4. Pistillate flower

Answer: 2. Bisexual flower

Emasculation is removal of stamens from the floral bud before the anther dehisces using a pair of forceps so that chances of self-pollination are eliminated. it is practised in bisexual flowers.

Question 98. The main advantage of cleistogamy is that it ensures 

  1. Cross-pollination
  2. Seed setting even in the absence of pollinators
  3. Protandry in flowers
  4. Geitonogamy instead of autogamy

Answer: 2. Seed setting even in the absence of pollinators

Question 99. The role of pollen kitt is to help in

  1. Formation of pollen
  2. Thickening of exine
  3. Sticking pollen to the body of insects
  4. Asexual reproduction

Answer: 3. Sticking pollen to the body of insects

Leave a Comment